Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio av. 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania.
Department of Medical Technology and Dietethics, Faculty of Health Care, Vilnius University of Applied Sciences, Didlaukio str. 45, LT-08303 Vilnius, Lithuania.
Molecules. 2022 Jul 20;27(14):4616. doi: 10.3390/molecules27144616.
β-glucans are known as biological response modifiers. However, different sources can result in structural differences and as a result differences in their biological activity. The hot water extraction method allows to obtain, high molecular weight β-glucans without altering their structure by using strong chemicals, such as alkalis or acids. Analysis of β-glucans by FT-IR and NMR spectroscopy in solid state is superior to analysis in solution as it allows researchers to study the preserved structure of the extracted polysaccharides. FT-IR spectroscopy was used in this study to make side-by-side comparison analysis of hot water extracted β-glucans from different yeast sources. NMR spectroscopy was used to confirm findings made by FT-IR spectroscopy. Extracted β-glucans exhibit characteristic structure of β-1,3/1,6-linked glucans with noticeable levels of proteins, possibly in a form of oligopeptides, chitin and other impurities. β-glucans obtained from , and exhibited higher protein content. Differences in mannan, chitin and α-glucan content were also observed; however, the species-specific structure of obtained β-glucans could not be confirmed without additional studies. Structural analysis of high molecular weight β-glucans in solid state by FT-IR spectroscopy is difficult or limited due to band intensity changes and overlapping originating from different molecules.
β-葡聚糖被称为生物反应调节剂。然而，不同的来源可能导致结构上的差异，从而导致其生物活性的差异。热水提取法允许在不使用强碱或强酸等强化学物质改变其结构的情况下，获得高分子量的β-葡聚糖。在固态下通过傅立叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）和核磁共振波谱（NMR）分析β-葡聚糖优于在溶液中的分析，因为它允许研究人员研究提取多糖的保留结构。在这项研究中使用了傅立叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）来对来自不同酵母来源的热水提取β-葡聚糖进行并排比较分析。使用核磁共振波谱（NMR）来证实傅立叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）的发现。提取的β-葡聚糖表现出β-1,3/1,6 连接葡聚糖的特征结构，并且具有明显水平的蛋白质，可能以寡肽、几丁质和其他杂质的形式存在。从、和中获得的β-葡聚糖表现出较高的蛋白质含量。还观察到甘露聚糖、几丁质和α-葡聚糖含量的差异；然而，如果没有进一步的研究，就无法确认获得的β-葡聚糖的种特异性结构。由于来自不同分子的带强度变化和重叠，固态下高分子量β-葡聚糖的傅立叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）结构分析是困难或有限的。
