Filter-Ruger Alberto, Gantois Petrus, Henrique Rafael S, Olivares-Jabalera Jesús, Robles-Rodríguez Jose, Santalla Alfredo, Requena Bernardo, Nakamura Fabio Y
FSI Sport Research Lab, Granada, Spain.
Department of Sports and Computer Science, Section of Physical Education and Sports, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain.
Biol Sport. 2022 Jan;39(1):53-58. doi: 10.5114/biolsport.2022.102867. Epub 2021 Mar 1.
Research has shown that soccer players regularly execute curved sprints during matches. The purpose of this study was to determine the age-related effects on curve sprint (CS) performance to both sides, asymmetry, and association with linear sprint (LS). Eighty-four soccer players (aged 16.1 ± 1.6 categorized in U15, U17, and U20) were recruited, who performed CS and LS tests. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and effect size (ES) were used to compare CS performance between age categories, and relationships between physical performance measures were calculated using Pearson's correlation coefficient. The main findings of this study were that: 1) there were significant differences in the "good" side CS among age groups (p < 0.001; ES from moderate to large), but not in the "weak" side CS, 2) curve asymmetry was significantly higher in U20 than U15 (p < 0.05; ES large) and U17 players (p < 0.05; ES moderate), and 3) relationships between CS and LS times decreased with age (from significant and very large [p < 0.001] to non-significant and smallmoderate [p > 0.05]). This study highlights the importance of assessing and training CS in different age categories, an action that becomes less correlated with LS as age increases, with the aim of mitigating the increase in asymmetries as a result of the specialization process, focusing interventions mainly on improving the CS "weak" side.
研究表明，足球运动员在比赛中经常进行曲线冲刺。本研究的目的是确定年龄对两侧曲线冲刺（CS）表现、不对称性以及与直线冲刺（LS）的关联性的影响。招募了84名足球运动员（年龄16.1±1.6岁，分为U15、U17和U20组），他们进行了CS和LS测试。采用单因素方差分析（ANOVA）和效应量（ES）来比较不同年龄组之间的CS表现，并使用Pearson相关系数计算身体表现指标之间的关系。本研究的主要发现如下：1）各年龄组在“优势”侧CS方面存在显著差异（p<0.001；ES从中度到高度），但在“劣势”侧CS方面无显著差异；2）U20组的曲线不对称性显著高于U15组（p<0.05；ES高度）和U17组球员（p<0.05；ES中度）；3）CS和LS时间之间的关系随年龄增长而降低（从显著且非常强相关[p<0.001]降至不显著且弱/中度相关[p>0.05]）。本研究强调了在不同年龄组评估和训练CS的重要性，随着年龄增长，这一行为与LS的相关性降低，目的是减轻因专业化过程导致的不对称性增加，将干预措施主要集中在改善CS “劣势”侧。
