CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China.
CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China.
Anal Bioanal Chem. 2022 Jun;414(15):4401-4408. doi: 10.1007/s00216-022-03972-1. Epub 2022 Feb 17.
The widespread use and increased exposure of nanoparticles call for technology to quantify their concentration and size distribution in biological matrices. As ex situ evaluation, facile extraction with high fidelity and efficiency is critical. In this work, single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (spICP-MS) was used for nanoparticle number and distribution analysis, where a facile and highly efficient mechanically assisted alkaline digestion has been developed to extract nanoparticles at low alkali concentration. The optimization was performed using chicken tissues in vitro mixed with 30 nm gold nanoparticles, mixture of 30 nm and 60 nm gold nanoparticles, and 45 nm silver nanoparticles, respectively, which is, then, mechanically ground to form tissue homogenate and 2% TMAH is added. The nanoparticles are extracted with a recovery of more than 94% for all the spiked nanoparticle tissue samples. The extraction method has also been attempted to be applied to extract single-sized gold nanoparticles from various organs of mice mixed in vivo with the nanoparticles through intravenous injection, and led to consistent results with acid digestion. Mice injected intravenously with double-sized gold nanoparticle mixture were also studied, further showing that gold nanoparticles of 30 nm and 60 nm have no significant difference in their biodistribution in the same organ. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt for multiple nanoparticles being extracted simultaneously and measured quantitatively from various organs, such as the heart, liver, spleen, lungs, and kidneys. We believe this method is beneficial to the safety assessment and toxicokinetics studies for nanoparticles in tissues.
纳米粒子的广泛应用和日益增加的暴露，需要技术来定量测量其在生物基质中的浓度和尺寸分布。作为一种体外评估方法，简单、高保真且高效的提取至关重要。在这项工作中，我们使用单颗粒电感耦合等离子体质谱（spICP-MS）进行纳米粒子数量和分布分析，开发了一种简单且高效的机械辅助碱性消解方法，可在低碱浓度下提取纳米粒子。使用体外混合有 30nm 金纳米粒子的鸡组织、30nm 和 60nm 金纳米粒子混合物以及 45nm 银纳米粒子进行优化，然后将其机械研磨形成组织匀浆，并加入 2%TMAH。对于所有加标纳米粒子组织样品，纳米粒子的提取回收率均超过 94%。该提取方法还尝试用于从通过静脉注射混合体内的纳米粒子的各种小鼠器官中提取单尺寸金纳米粒子，并与酸消解得到一致的结果。还研究了静脉注射双尺寸金纳米粒子混合物的小鼠，进一步表明 30nm 和 60nm 金纳米粒子在同一器官中的生物分布没有显著差异。据我们所知，这是首次尝试从心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺和肾脏等各种器官中同时提取和定量测量多种纳米粒子。我们相信，这种方法有助于组织中纳米粒子的安全性评估和毒代动力学研究。
