Unit of Cell Biology and Imaging Study of Pathogen Host Interaction, The Center for Microbes, Development and Health, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
J Cell Biol. 2022 Apr 4;221(4). doi: 10.1083/jcb.202109168. Epub 2022 Feb 18.
Migrasomes are recently discovered vesicle-like structures on retraction fibers of migrating cells that have been linked with transfer of cellular contents, shedding of unwanted materials, and information integration. However, whether and how the cell migration paradigm regulates migrasome formation is not clear. Here, we report that there are significantly fewer migrasomes in turning cells compared with straight persistently migrating cells. The major insight underlying this observation is that as the cells elongate, their rear ends become narrower, subsequently resulting in fewer retraction fibers during impersistent migration. In addition to migration persistence, we reveal that migration speed positively corelates with migrasome formation, owing to the derived length of retraction fibers. Substantiating our hypothesis, genetically removing vimentin compromises cell migration speed and persistence and leads to fewer migrasomes. Together, our data explicate the critical roles of two cell migration patterns, persistence and speed, in the control of migrasome formation by regulating retraction fibers.
迁移体是最近在迁移细胞的回缩纤维上发现的类似囊泡的结构，它们与细胞内容物的转移、不需要的物质的脱落以及信息整合有关。然而，细胞迁移模式是否以及如何调节迁移体的形成尚不清楚。在这里，我们报告说，与持续直线迁移的细胞相比，转弯细胞中的迁移体要少得多。这一观察结果的主要见解是，随着细胞的伸长，它们的后端变得更窄，随后在非持续迁移过程中产生的回缩纤维更少。除了迁移的持续性之外，我们还揭示了迁移速度与迁移体的形成呈正相关，这是由于回缩纤维的延伸长度所致。我们的假设得到了证实，即通过去除波形蛋白，细胞迁移的速度和持续性受到影响，导致迁移体减少。总之，我们的数据阐明了两种细胞迁移模式（持续性和速度）通过调节回缩纤维在控制迁移体形成中的关键作用。
