Jibira Yakubu, Boakye-Gyasi Eric, Mensah Abotsi Wonder Kofi, Amponsah Isaac Kingsley, Duah Peter, Baah Frederick Kwadwo, Woode Eric
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, Ghana.
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Northern Region, Ghana.
Heliyon. 2022 Feb 9;8(2):e08917. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08917. eCollection 2022 Feb.
Pain is a major symptom of many clinical disorders and its relief has long been a concern for individuals across the globe. There is therefore an unmet need to search for new efficacious agents for the effective management of pain. The stem bark of the savanna tree (Hook) (Family: Leguminosae) is used in the Ghanaian traditional medicine for the treatment and management of various pain-related diseases.
An acute oral toxicity study in mice was conducted by administering BAE (50-5000 mg kg .). Antinociceptive effect of BAE (50-1000 mg kg .) was evaluated using the acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction, acidic saline-induced muscle pain and formalin-induced pain models. The antinociceptive mechanism of BAE was also assessed using the formalin-induced pain model.
The LD of BAE was thus estimated to be above 5000 mg kg since none of the animals died in the acute toxicity study. Pretreatment with BAE (50-1000 mg kg .) significantly reduced the number of writhes after acetic-acid administration compared to the vehicle treated group. BAE also produced a significant and dose-dependent reversal of mechanical hyperalgesia induced by the injection of the acidic saline. Administration of BAE was able to significantly suppress both phases of the formalin test. This effect of the extract was however reversed by pretreatment with naloxone and granisetron.
BAE exhibits antinociceptive effects in rodent pain models with a possible involvement of 5-HT receptors and opioidergic pathways.
疼痛是许多临床疾病的主要症状，长期以来，缓解疼痛一直是全球各地人们关注的问题。因此，寻找新的有效药物来有效管理疼痛的需求尚未得到满足。热带草原树（Hook）（豆科）的茎皮在加纳传统医学中用于治疗和管理各种与疼痛相关的疾病。
通过给予BAE（50 - 5000毫克/千克）对小鼠进行急性口服毒性研究。使用醋酸诱导的腹部收缩、酸性盐水诱导的肌肉疼痛和福尔马林诱导的疼痛模型评估BAE（50 - 1000毫克/千克）的抗伤害感受作用。还使用福尔马林诱导的疼痛模型评估BAE的抗伤害感受机制。
由于在急性毒性研究中没有动物死亡，因此估计BAE的半数致死量高于5000毫克/千克。与赋形剂处理组相比，用BAE（50 - 1000毫克/千克）预处理可显著减少醋酸给药后的扭体次数。BAE还对注射酸性盐水诱导的机械性痛觉过敏产生了显著且剂量依赖性的逆转作用。给予BAE能够显著抑制福尔马林试验的两个阶段。然而，用纳洛酮和格拉司琼预处理可逆转提取物的这种作用。
BAE在啮齿动物疼痛模型中表现出抗伤害感受作用，可能涉及5 - HT受体和阿片样物质途径。
