Department of Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Sunsari 56700, Nepal.
School of Medical Sciences and The Kirby Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc. 2021 Sep 11;59(241):875-880. doi: 10.31729/jnma.6408.
Non-fermentative gram-negative bacilli are common causes of human infections especially nosocomial infections. These organisms are usually resistant to multiple antimicrobial agents including carbapenems. The study aimed to find out the prevalence of metallo-β-lactamase producing non-fermentative gram-negative bacilli among the samples which yielded growth of bacteria in a tertiary care hospital.
This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary care hospital from February 2017 to May 2017. Convenience sampling method was used. Bacterial identification, characterization and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were done by following standard microbiological guidelines. Metallo-β-lactamase production was detected by using combined disk diffusion test and double-disc synergy test. Data were analyzed by using Statistical Package of Social Science software version 16. Point estimate at 95% confidence interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data.
Among 628 samples which yielded growth of bacteria, 118 (18.79%) at 95% Confidence Interval (15.74-21.84) were metallo-β-lactamase producing non-fermentative gram-negative bacilli. Among them, 54 (45.76%) were Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 64 (54.24%) were Acinetobacter baumannii.
A high prevalence of metallo-β-lactamase production was observed among the nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli than the study done in similar settings. It is mandatory to perform routine monitoring of metallo-β-lactamase producing isolates in clinical laboratories in order to help the clinicians prescribe proper antibiotics.
非发酵革兰氏阴性杆菌是人类感染的常见病原体，尤其是医院获得性感染。这些生物体通常对多种抗菌药物包括碳青霉烯类具有耐药性。本研究旨在调查三级医院中产生细菌生长的样本中非发酵革兰氏阴性杆菌中产金属β-内酰胺酶的流行情况。
这是一项在三级医院进行的描述性横断面研究，时间为 2017 年 2 月至 2017 年 5 月。采用便利抽样法。细菌鉴定、特征和药敏试验按照标准微生物学指南进行。采用联合纸片扩散试验和双碟协同试验检测金属β-内酰胺酶的产生。使用社会科学统计软件包 16 版分析数据。计算 95%置信区间的点估计值，以及二元数据的频率和比例。
在产生细菌生长的 628 个样本中，产金属β-内酰胺酶的非发酵革兰氏阴性杆菌为 118 株（18.79%），95%置信区间为（15.74-21.84）。其中，铜绿假单胞菌 54 株（45.76%），鲍曼不动杆菌 64 株（54.24%）。
与类似环境中的研究相比，非发酵革兰氏阴性杆菌中产金属β-内酰胺酶的比例较高。临床实验室有必要对产金属β-内酰胺酶的分离株进行常规监测，以帮助临床医生合理使用抗生素。
