Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Finland.
Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), University of Helsinki, Finland.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2023;63(24):6983-7015. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2038080. Epub 2022 Feb 25.
Natural bioactive compounds (BCs) are types of chemicals found in plants and certain foods that promote good health, however they are sensitive to processing and environmental conditions. Microencapsulation by spray drying is a widely used and cost-effective approach to create a coating layer to surround and protect BCs and control their release, enabling the production of high functional products/ingredients with extended shelf life. In this process, wall materials determine protection efficiency, and physical properties, bioavailability, and storage stability of microencapsulated products. Therefore, an understanding of physicochemical properties of wall materials is essential for the successful and effective spray-dried microencapsulation process. Typically, polysaccharide-based wall materials are generated from more sustainable sources and have a wider range of physicochemical properties and applications compared to their protein-based counterparts. In this review, we highlight the essential physicochemical properties of polysaccharide-based wall materials for spray-dried microencapsulation of BCs including solubility, thermal stability, and emulsifying properties, rheological and film forming properties. We provide further insight into possibilities for the chemical structure modification of native wall materials and their controlled release behaviors. Finally, we summarize the most recent studies involving polysaccharide biopolymers as wall materials and/or emulsifiers in spray-dried microencapsulation of BCs.
天然生物活性化合物（BCs）是存在于植物和某些食物中的一类化学物质，它们可以促进身体健康，但对加工和环境条件敏感。喷雾干燥微胶囊化是一种广泛使用且具有成本效益的方法，可以创建一个涂层来包围和保护 BCs 并控制其释放，从而生产具有延长保质期的高功能性产品/成分。在这个过程中，壁材决定了保护效率、物理性质、生物利用度和微胶囊产品的储存稳定性。因此，了解壁材的物理化学性质对于成功有效的喷雾干燥微胶囊化过程至关重要。通常，多糖基壁材来自更可持续的来源，与蛋白质基壁材相比，具有更广泛的物理化学性质和应用范围。在这篇综述中，我们强调了多糖基壁材用于喷雾干燥微胶囊化 BCs 的基本物理化学性质，包括溶解度、热稳定性和乳化性能、流变学和成膜性能。我们进一步探讨了对天然壁材的化学结构修饰及其控制释放行为的可能性。最后，我们总结了最近涉及多糖生物聚合物作为壁材和/或喷雾干燥微胶囊化 BCs 中的乳化剂的研究。
