Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, 1, Singil-ro, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul 07441, Korea.
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, 12, Beodeunaru-ro, 7-gil, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul 07247, Korea.
Viruses. 2022 Feb 21;14(2):446. doi: 10.3390/v14020446.
Coinfection rates with other pathogens in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) varied during the pandemic. We assessed the latest prevalence of coinfection with viruses, bacteria, and fungi in COVID-19 patients for more than one year and its impact on mortality. A total of 436 samples were collected between August 2020 and October 2021. Multiplex real-time PCR, culture, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were performed to detect pathogens. The coinfection rate of respiratory viruses in COVID-19 patients was 1.4%. Meanwhile, the rates of bacteria and fungi were 52.6% and 10.5% in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, respectively. Respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus, , , , and were the most commonly detected pathogens. Ninety percent of isolated was non-susceptible to carbapenem. Based on a multivariate analysis, coinfection (odds ratio [OR] = 6.095), older age (OR = 1.089), and elevated lactate dehydrogenase (OR = 1.006) were risk factors for mortality as a critical outcome. In particular, coinfection with bacteria (OR = 11.250), resistant pathogens (OR = 11.667), and infection with multiple pathogens (OR = 10.667) were significantly related to death. Screening and monitoring of coinfection in COVID-19 patients, especially for hospitalized patients during the pandemic, are beneficial for better management and survival.
新型冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 合并感染其他病原体的比率在大流行期间有所变化。我们评估了 COVID-19 患者超过一年的时间内合并感染病毒、细菌和真菌的最新流行率及其对死亡率的影响。在 2020 年 8 月至 2021 年 10 月期间共采集了 436 份样本。采用多重实时 PCR、培养和抗菌药物敏感性试验来检测病原体。COVID-19 患者呼吸道病毒合并感染率为 1.4%。同时，住院 COVID-19 患者的细菌和真菌合并感染率分别为 52.6%和 10.5%。呼吸道合胞病毒、鼻病毒、人偏肺病毒、腺病毒、副流感病毒和肠道病毒是最常检测到的病原体。90%分离出的 对碳青霉烯类药物不敏感。基于多变量分析，合并感染（比值比 [OR] = 6.095）、年龄较大（OR = 1.089）和乳酸脱氢酶升高（OR = 1.006）是死亡率作为关键结局的危险因素。特别是，细菌合并感染（OR = 11.250）、耐药病原体（OR = 11.667）和多种病原体感染（OR = 10.667）与死亡显著相关。对 COVID-19 患者，尤其是大流行期间住院患者的合并感染进行筛查和监测，有利于更好地管理和生存。
