Lv Ting, Meng Fanlu, Yu Meng, Huang Haihui, Lin Xinhua, Zhao Bing
State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438 China.
Institute of Antibiotics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040 China.
Phenomics. 2021;1(3):113-128. doi: 10.1007/s43657-021-00015-0. Epub 2021 Jul 14.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has created an immense menace to public health worldwide, exerting huge effects on global economic and political conditions. Understanding the biology and pathogenesis mechanisms of this novel virus, in large parts, relies on optimal physiological models that allow replication and propagation of SARS-CoV-2. Human organoids, derived from stem cells, are three-dimensional cell cultures that recapitulate the cellular organization, transcriptional and epigenetic signatures of their counterpart organs. Recent studies have indicated their great values as experimental virology platforms, making human organoid an ideal tool for investigating host-pathogen interactions. Here, we summarize research developments for SARS-CoV-2 infection of various human organoids involved in multiple systems, including lung, liver, brain, intestine, kidney and blood vessel organoids. These studies help us reveal the pathogenesis mechanism of COVID-19, and facilitate the development of effective vaccines and drugs as well as other therapeutic regimes.
2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）引起，对全球公共卫生构成了巨大威胁，对全球经济和政治状况产生了巨大影响。在很大程度上，了解这种新型病毒的生物学特性和发病机制依赖于能够支持SARS-CoV-2复制和传播的最佳生理学模型。源自干细胞的人类类器官是三维细胞培养物，可概括其对应器官的细胞组织、转录和表观遗传特征。最近的研究表明它们作为实验病毒学平台具有巨大价值，使人类类器官成为研究宿主-病原体相互作用的理想工具。在此，我们总结了SARS-CoV-2感染多种涉及多个系统的人类类器官的研究进展，包括肺、肝、脑、肠、肾和血管类器官。这些研究有助于我们揭示COVID-19的发病机制，并促进有效疫苗、药物及其他治疗方案的开发。
