Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran.
Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Cell Mol Biol Lett. 2022 Mar 2;27(1):21. doi: 10.1186/s11658-022-00320-0.
Despite great advances, therapeutic approaches of osteosarcoma, the most prevalent class of preliminary pediatric bone tumors, as well as bone-related malignancies, continue to demonstrate insufficient adequacy. In recent years, a growing trend toward applying natural bioactive compounds, particularly phytochemicals, as novel agents for cancer treatment has been observed. Bioactive phytochemicals exert their anticancer features through two main ways: they induce cytotoxic effects against cancerous cells without having any detrimental impact on normal cell macromolecules such as DNA and enzymes, while at the same time combating the oncogenic signaling axis activated in tumor cells. Thymoquinone (TQ), the most abundant bioactive compound of Nigella sativa, has received considerable attention in cancer treatment owing to its distinctive properties, including apoptosis induction, cell cycle arrest, angiogenesis and metastasis inhibition, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, along with inducing immune system responses and reducing side effects of traditional chemotherapeutic drugs. The present review is focused on the characteristics and mechanisms by which TQ exerts its cytotoxic effects on bone malignancies.
尽管取得了巨大的进展，但骨肉瘤（最常见的原发性儿科骨肿瘤类型）和骨相关恶性肿瘤的治疗方法仍然不够完善。近年来，人们越来越倾向于将天然生物活性化合物，特别是植物化学物质，作为癌症治疗的新型药物。生物活性植物化学物质通过两种主要方式发挥其抗癌作用：它们诱导癌细胞产生细胞毒性作用，而不会对 DNA 和酶等正常细胞大分子造成任何损害，同时抑制肿瘤细胞中激活的致癌信号轴。由于其独特的特性，包括诱导细胞凋亡、细胞周期停滞、抑制血管生成和转移以及产生活性氧 (ROS)，同时诱导免疫系统反应并减少传统化疗药物的副作用，作为黑种草中最丰富的生物活性化合物，百里醌 (TQ) 在癌症治疗中受到了相当大的关注。本文综述了 TQ 对骨恶性肿瘤发挥细胞毒性作用的特点和机制。
