Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Diptera, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2022 Feb 25;55:e0355. doi: 10.1590/0037-8682-0355-2021. eCollection 2022.
Haiti is one of the Caribbean countries where malaria persists. More than 99% of malaria cases are caused by Plasmodium falciparum, the main vector being the mosquito Anopheles albimanus. In this paper, we describe the epidemiological profile of malaria in Haiti between 2009 and 2018.
We analyzed information on cases reported by the Ministry of Health of Haiti and the World Health Organization (WHO).
Between 2009 and 2018, 232,479 malaria cases were reported by the Ministry of Public Health and Population (MSPP); an increase in the incidence of malaria in the country in 2010, followed by a decrease in 2011, was primarily observed. Due to recent efforts to reduce malaria by 2020, its incidence declined from 60,130 cases in 2010 to 8,978 cases in 2018. Controversially, in terms of the number of reported cases, the MSPP and WHO report conflicting data. However, the results from both datasets present the same trend in Haiti from 2009 to 2018. The results also illustrate the endemicity of the disease throughout Haiti, both in rural and urban areas, especially along the coast.
This study emphasizes the need to promote official data collection and analyses, as well as the application of epidemiological surveillance of malaria at the municipal level, for a better understanding of the real impact of malaria on the Haitian population and to create more appropriate interventions.
海地是加勒比地区疟疾持续存在的国家之一。超过 99%的疟疾病例由恶性疟原虫引起，主要传播媒介是白纹伊蚊。本文描述了 2009 年至 2018 年期间海地疟疾的流行病学特征。
我们分析了海地卫生部和世界卫生组织（WHO）报告的病例信息。
2009 年至 2018 年间，公共卫生部和人口部（MSPP）共报告了 232479 例疟疾病例；该国的疟疾发病率在 2010 年增加，随后在 2011 年下降。由于最近努力到 2020 年减少疟疾，发病率从 2010 年的 60130 例下降到 2018 年的 8978 例。有争议的是，就报告病例数量而言，MSPP 和 WHO 报告的数据存在冲突。然而，这两个数据集的结果都呈现了 2009 年至 2018 年期间海地的相同趋势。结果还说明了该疾病在海地各地的流行情况，包括农村和城市地区，尤其是沿海地区。
本研究强调需要促进官方数据的收集和分析，以及在市级实施疟疾流行病学监测，以便更好地了解疟疾对海地人口的实际影响，并制定更合适的干预措施。
