Department of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Universitygrid.12981.33, Guangzhou, China.
Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen Universitygrid.12981.33, Guangzhou, China.
Microbiol Spectr. 2022 Apr 27;10(2):e0184321. doi: 10.1128/spectrum.01843-21. Epub 2022 Mar 7.
transmits schistosomiasis mansoni which poses considerable risks to hundreds of thousands of people worldwide, and is widely used as a model organism for studies on the snail-schistosome relationship. Gut microbiota plays important roles in multiple aspects of host including development, metabolism, immunity, and even behavior; however, detailed information on the complete diversity and functional profiles of gut microbiota is still limited. This study is the first to reveal the gut microbiome of based on metagenome-assembled genome (MAG). A total of 28 gut samples spanning diet and age were sequenced and 84 individual microbial genomes with ≥ 70% completeness and ≤ 5% contamination were constructed. and were the dominant bacteria in the freshwater snail, unlike terrestrial organisms harboring many species of and . The microbial consortia in helped in the digestion of complex polysaccharide such as starch, hemicellulose, and chitin for energy supply, and protected the snail from food poisoning and nitrate toxicity. Both microbial community and metabolism of were significantly altered by diet. The polysaccharide-degrading bacterium was enriched in the gut of snails fed with high-digestibility protein and high polysaccharide diet (HPHP). Notably, as a mobile repository can escalate biosafety issues regarding transmission of various pathogens such as Acinetobacter nosocomialis and Vibrio parahaemolyticus as well as multiple antibiotic resistance genes in the environment and to other organisms. The spread of aquatic gastropod , an intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni, exacerbates the burden of schistosomiasis disease worldwide. This study provides insights into the importance of microbiome for basic biological activities of freshwater snails, and offers a valuable microbial genome resource to fill the gap in the analysis of the snail-microbiota-parasite relationship. The results of this study clarified the reasons for the high adaptability of to diverse environments, and further illustrated the role of a in accumulation of antibiotic resistance in the environment and spread of various pathogens. These findings have important implications for further exploration of the control of snail dissemination and schistosomiasis from a microbial perspective.
传播曼氏血吸虫，这种寄生虫对全球数十万人构成相当大的风险，并且被广泛用作研究螺-血吸虫关系的模式生物。肠道微生物群在宿主的多个方面发挥着重要作用，包括发育、代谢、免疫，甚至行为；然而，关于肠道微生物群的完整多样性和功能谱的详细信息仍然有限。本研究首次基于宏基因组组装基因组（MAG）揭示了 的肠道微生物组。共测序了 28 个涵盖饮食和年龄的肠道样本，构建了 84 个个体微生物基因组，完整性≥70%，污染率≤5%。不同于陆地生物含有许多种 和 ， 和 是淡水螺的优势细菌。 中的微生物群落有助于为能量供应消化复杂多糖，如淀粉、半纤维素和几丁质，并保护螺免受食物中毒和硝酸盐毒性。饮食显著改变了 的微生物群落和代谢。在高消化率蛋白质和高多糖饮食（HPHP）喂养的螺的肠道中，多糖降解菌 得到了富集。值得注意的是， 作为一个移动储存库，可以加剧各种病原体（如医院不动杆菌和副溶血性弧菌）以及环境中和其他生物体中多种抗生素耐药基因的传播的生物安全问题。水生腹足动物 的传播，即曼氏血吸虫的中间宿主，加剧了全球血吸虫病的负担。本研究深入了解了微生物组对淡水螺基本生物学活动的重要性，并为填补螺-微生物群-寄生虫关系分析中的空白提供了有价值的微生物基因组资源。本研究的结果阐明了 对不同环境高度适应的原因，进一步说明了 a 在环境中抗生素耐药性积累和各种病原体传播中的作用。这些发现对从微生物角度进一步探索控制螺传播和血吸虫病具有重要意义。
