Shah Vandana S, Pareikh Dishant, Manjunatha Bhari S
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, K M Shah Dental College and Hospital, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth University, Waghodia, Gujarat, India.
Dental Surgeon, Rajpath Society, Old Padra Road, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.
J Oral Maxillofac Pathol. 2021 Sep-Dec;25(3):441-445. doi: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_84_21. Epub 2022 Jan 11.
Diabetes is one of the most important causes of mortality worldwide. People having diabetes are vulnerable to infectious diseases and have been clinically recognized; which may be because of their deregulated immune system. Hyperglycemia in diabetes is consequence of chronic resistance to insulin and relative insulin deficiency on target cells. Alpha-amylase, a salivary enzyme is shown to increase in diabetic individuals compared to nondiabetics and can be used as a marker for the diagnosis of diabetes.
The present study was undertaken to investigate the levels of salivary amylase in type II diabetic patients.
A total of 80 participants in the age range of 30-60 years, were divided into three groups as Group I: Uncontrolled diabetics (30), Group II: Controlled diabetics (30) and Group III: Age- and sex-matched healthy controls (20) were taken for the study. Unstimulated whole saliva was collected for salivary amylase level estimation and blood samples were from the antecubital vein, after 12 h of overnight fasting of each individual for the estimation of blood glucose levels.
The mean random blood sugar and glycated hemoglobin A levels were found to be statistically significant among diabetics and healthy individuals. Salivary amylase levels were much higher in uncontrolled and controlled diabetics compared to healthy individuals showing a significant correlation ( = 0.001) between all groups. However, the salivary amylase levels nonsignificant ( = 0.060) between the controlled diabetics (Group II) and healthy individuals (Group III).
Our study confirms the considerable increase in salivary amylase levels in diabetes patients as compared to healthy individuals. Studies with a larger sample size comprising prediabetics, type I diabetics and type II diabetics in all age groups are required to validate these results. Further, if our results are established, salivary amylase can be used as biomarker for the diagnosis of diabetes and also monitoring it.
糖尿病是全球最重要的致死原因之一。糖尿病患者易患传染病，这一点已得到临床认可；这可能是由于他们的免疫系统失调。糖尿病中的高血糖是慢性胰岛素抵抗和靶细胞相对胰岛素缺乏的结果。与非糖尿病个体相比，糖尿病个体的唾液淀粉酶（一种唾液酶）水平会升高，可作为糖尿病诊断的标志物。
本研究旨在调查2型糖尿病患者的唾液淀粉酶水平。
共选取80名年龄在30至60岁之间的参与者，分为三组：第一组：未控制的糖尿病患者（30例），第二组：已控制的糖尿病患者（30例），第三组：年龄和性别匹配的健康对照者（20例）进行研究。收集未刺激的全唾液用于唾液淀粉酶水平测定，每位个体过夜禁食12小时后，从前臂肘正中静脉采集血样用于血糖水平测定。
糖尿病患者和健康个体之间的平均随机血糖和糖化血红蛋白A水平在统计学上具有显著差异。与健康个体相比，未控制和已控制的糖尿病患者的唾液淀粉酶水平要高得多，所有组之间显示出显著相关性（P = 0.001）。然而，已控制的糖尿病患者（第二组）和健康个体（第三组）之间的唾液淀粉酶水平无显著差异（P = 0.060）。
我们的研究证实，与健康个体相比，糖尿病患者的唾液淀粉酶水平显著升高。需要进行更大样本量的研究，纳入所有年龄组的糖尿病前期患者、1型糖尿病患者和2型糖尿病患者，以验证这些结果。此外，如果我们的结果得到证实，唾液淀粉酶可作为糖尿病诊断和监测的生物标志物。
