Classification of 27 -Like Isolates Associated with Mastitis in China and Descriptions of sp. nov. and sp. nov.

, particularly Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii, has been increasingly recognized as an important pathogen causing mastitis. However, no clear taxonomic, microbiological, or clinical identification for C. kroppenstedtii-related species is recognized. During the investigation of isolates cultured from female patients with mastitis, 27 lipophilic -like isolates were obtained from clinical breast specimens from 2017 to 2019 in Guangzhou, China. These isolates were identified by phenotypic characterization, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), partial sequencing of the 16S rRNA, , and genes, and whole-genome sequencing methods. By phylogenetic analyses, two major clusters were identified that were closely related to DSM 44385. Comparative genome analyses suggested that these isolates formed two distinct genospecies within the genus . The digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) values for the two genospecies were 45.5 to 47.8% between them and 47.4 to 47.7% and 49.9% to DSM 44385, respectively. Based on these results, it can be concluded that these isolates need to be recognized as two new species of the genus , for which we proposed the names Corynebacterium parakroppenstedtii sp. nov. and Corynebacterium pseudokroppenstedtii sp. nov. The type strain for the novel species is MC-26 (NBRC 115146; CCTCC AB 2020210), and that for is MC-17X (NBRC 115143; CCTCC AB 2020199). In this study, we characterized two novel species that were closely related to but hard to distinguish from . by routine identification methods used in clinical laboratories. Since all 27 -like isolates were obtained from breast specimens of female patients with mastitis, they may be potential pathogens causing mastitis. We hope to perform further epidemiological investigation of these strains and explore their role in mastitis.