Departamento de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre. R. Sarmento Leite 245. 90050-170 Porto Alegre RS
Cien Saude Colet. 2022 Mar;27(3):969-978. doi: 10.1590/1413-81232022273.20082021. Epub 2021 Dec 5.
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the vaccination numbers for immunization geared toward individuals under 12 months of age in Brazil. This study analyzed the numbers of the nationwide vaccination coverage of ten vaccines present in the calendar from the National Immunization Program (NIP) over the past eight years (2013-2020). This is an ecological study, and all data were taken from the NIP. In comparison to the previous years, 2020 recorded the lowest figures of vaccination coverage (VC) of the average of the group of studied vaccines - 79.07% - while in 2019, this same index was 84.44%, resulting in a drop of 11.10% between these two periods. Moreover, during the year of the pandemic, of the ten analyzed vaccines, nine recorded their lowest historical VC figures, all of which were at least 14 percentage points below the goals set by the Brazilian Ministry of Health (MS, in Portuguese). Although there had already been a tendency toward a decline in VC, for various reasons, the present study illustrates that the numbers recorded in 2020 were significantly lower, a phenomenon also reported in other countries. Therefore, although it is impossible to affirm that the COVID-19 pandemic and its distancing measures are the causes for the drop in the immunization numbers, it can be inferred that there is indeed an association.
这项研究旨在评估 COVID-19 大流行对巴西 12 个月以下儿童免疫接种数量的影响。本研究分析了过去八年（2013-2020 年）国家免疫规划（NIP）日历中十种疫苗的全国疫苗接种覆盖率（VC）的数量。这是一项生态学研究，所有数据均来自 NIP。与前几年相比，2020 年记录到研究疫苗组平均 VC 的最低数字-79.07%，而 2019 年这一相同指数为 84.44%，这两个时期之间下降了 11.10%。此外，在大流行的那一年，在所分析的十种疫苗中，有九种记录到了其历史上 VC 的最低数字，均比巴西卫生部（MS）设定的目标低至少 14 个百分点。尽管 VC 已经呈现下降趋势，但本研究表明，2020 年记录到的数字明显更低，其他国家也报告了这种情况。因此，虽然不能肯定 COVID-19 大流行及其隔离措施是免疫接种数量下降的原因，但可以推断出两者之间确实存在关联。
