Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital Centre, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, LAPSCO, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
BMJ Open. 2022 Mar 17;12(3):e046403. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046403.
Work-related stress is a major concern. One of the best performing models is the Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ) of Karasek, assessing job demand and job control using 18 items. However, the JCQ is long and complex. Visual Analogue Scales (VASs) are easy to use and quick to implement. VASs have been validated to assess pain and occupational stress; however, VASs demand and control have not been evaluated. Therefore, we aimed to validate the use of VAS demand and control compared with the 18 items of the JCQ.
We implemented a cross-sectional observational study, by administering a self-reported questionnaire to the users of Wittyfit software, with a second test (retest) proposed 1 week later. In addition to JCQ, VAS demand and control, we measured sociodemographic outcomes, as well as characteristics of work, sleep, well-being, stress, depression and anxiety.
190 volunteers French workers using WittyFit software participated in the study, and 129 completed the test-retest.
VAS demand and VAS control correlated with the two Karasek domains from the JCQ, respectively, at 0.59 and 0.57 (p<0.001). Test-retest reliability highlighted concordance coefficients higher than 0.70. Sensitivity was higher than 70% for each VAS. External validity was acceptable. For both demand and control, VAS cut-offs were 75/100. Compared with other workers, senior executives and individuals with master's degrees had higher levels of job control but did not differ in job demand using the VAS and JCQ.
VAS demand and VAS control are valid, quick, easy to use, and reliable tools for the assessment of job demand and job control. They can be used in daily clinical practice for primary prevention and diagnosis. However, when results are over 75 mm on VAS, we promote the use of JCQ to be more discriminant and specific to initiate action plans to help workers.
NCT02596737.
工作相关压力是一个主要关注点。表现最好的模型之一是 Karasek 的工作内容问卷（JCQ），该模型使用 18 个项目评估工作需求和工作控制。然而，JCQ 冗长而复杂。视觉模拟量表（VAS）易于使用且实施迅速。VAS 已被验证可用于评估疼痛和职业压力；然而，VAS 的需求和控制尚未得到评估。因此，我们旨在验证使用 VAS 需求和控制与 JCQ 的 18 个项目相比的有效性。
我们实施了一项横断面观察性研究，通过向 Wittyfit 软件的用户发放自我报告问卷，并在一周后提出第二次测试（复测）。除了 JCQ、VAS 需求和控制外，我们还测量了社会人口统计学结果以及工作、睡眠、幸福感、压力、抑郁和焦虑的特征。
190 名使用 WittyFit 软件的法国志愿者参加了这项研究，其中 129 名完成了测试-复测。
VAS 需求和 VAS 控制分别与 JCQ 的两个 Karasek 领域相关，相关系数分别为 0.59 和 0.57（p<0.001）。测试-复测可靠性突出了一致性系数高于 0.70。对于每个 VAS，敏感性均高于 70%。外部有效性是可以接受的。对于需求和控制，VAS 截止值均为 75/100。与其他工人相比，高级管理人员和拥有硕士学位的个人的工作控制水平较高，但使用 VAS 和 JCQ 评估的工作需求没有差异。
VAS 需求和 VAS 控制是评估工作需求和工作控制的有效、快速、易于使用且可靠的工具。它们可在日常临床实践中用于初级预防和诊断。但是，当 VAS 上的得分超过 75 毫米时，我们建议使用 JCQ 以更具区分性和特异性来启动行动计划，以帮助工人。
NCT02596737。
