Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Interdisciplinary Research Academy (IRA), Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China.
Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Interdisciplinary Research Academy (IRA), Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Jul 15;830:154617. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154617. Epub 2022 Mar 17.
China is the world's largest pesticide user. These chemicals are bioaccumulative in the human body, and eventually could be transferred from the mother to the fetus/infant via placental and breastfeeding transport, which might pose developmental deficiency risks. In this study, human biomonitoring of legacy pesticides was conducted in three Chinese cities using 60 breast milk samples. The patterns, chemical structural signatures, and the estimated daily intake of pesticides were assessed. The median concentration of HCB (57.8 ng g lw, Interquartile range: 28.5-76.9 ng g lw) was the highest among all pesticides, whereas the HCHs, DDXs, TCVP, and heptachlor were also detected. A significantly different pattern of pesticides was found among three sampling cities: the Mianyang cases were mostly DDXs oriented while the Wuhan and Hangzhou cases were under HCB, HCHs, TCVP, and heptachlor influences. Maternal age and pre-pregnancy BMI were found to be the influencing factors for the pesticides in the breast milk, and dietary preferences were an important factor in the exposure scenario. Chemical structural signatures indicated that for HCHs and DDXs the exposure was mostly historical, while the lindane and dicofol exposure may exist among the volunteering mothers. The EF for chiral pesticides did not deviate significantly from the racemic value. The risk from breastfeeding was negligible according to the Chinese and UN standard, while some cases from Hangzhou and Wuhan exceeded the Canadian restrictions. Thus, the adverse health effects of chemical exposure by dietary intake for infants need to be closely monitored in future studies.
中国是世界上最大的农药使用国。这些化学物质在人体内具有生物蓄积性，最终可能通过胎盘和母乳喂养途径从母体转移到胎儿/婴儿，这可能带来发育缺陷的风险。在这项研究中，使用 60 份母乳样本，在中国三个城市进行了人体中遗留农药的生物监测。评估了模式、化学结构特征以及农药的估计日摄入量。所有农药中 HCB（57.8ng/g lw，四分位距：28.5-76.9ng/g lw）的中位数浓度最高，而 HCHs、DDXs、TCVP 和七氯也被检测到。在三个采样城市中，发现了一种明显不同的农药模式：绵阳的情况主要是 DDXs 为主，而武汉和杭州的情况则受到 HCB、HCHs、TCVP 和七氯的影响。发现母亲年龄和孕前 BMI 是母乳中农药的影响因素，而饮食偏好是暴露情景中的一个重要因素。化学结构特征表明，对于 HCHs 和 DDXs，暴露主要是历史上的，而志愿者母亲中可能存在林丹和三氯杀螨醇的暴露。手性农药的 EF 没有明显偏离外消旋值。根据中国和联合国标准，母乳喂养的风险可以忽略不计，而杭州和武汉的一些情况超过了加拿大的限制。因此，在未来的研究中，需要密切监测婴儿通过饮食摄入化学物质暴露对健康的不良影响。
