Jiang Huanyu, Tang Wuyinuo, Song Yang, Jin Wei, Du Quanyu
Department of Geriatrics, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
Emergency Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
Front Pharmacol. 2022 Mar 2;13:806175. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.806175. eCollection 2022.
Liver cancer is a global disease with a high mortality rate and limited treatment options. Alternations in apoptosis of tumor cells and immune cells have become an important method for detailing the underlying mechanisms of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Bcl-2 family, Caspase family, Fas and other apoptosis-related proteins have also become antagonistic targets of HCC. Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, RR), a traditional Chinese herb, has recently demonstrated antitumor behaviors. Multiple active metabolites of RR, including emodin, rhein, physcion, aloe-emodin, gallic acid, and resveratrol, can successfully induce apoptosis and inhibit HCC. However, the underlying mechanisms of these metabolites inhibiting the occurrence and development of HCC by inducing apoptosis is complicated owing to the multi-target and multi-pathway characteristics of traditional Chinese herbs. Accordingly, this article reviews the pathways of apoptosis, the relationship between HCC and apoptosis, the role and mechanism of apoptosis induced by mitochondrial endoplasmic reticulum pathway and death receptor pathway in HCC and the mechanism of six RR metabolites inhibiting HCC by inducing apoptosis.
肝癌是一种全球性疾病，死亡率高且治疗选择有限。肿瘤细胞和免疫细胞凋亡的改变已成为阐明肝细胞癌（HCC）潜在机制的重要方法。Bcl-2家族、半胱天冬酶家族、Fas等凋亡相关蛋白也已成为肝癌的拮抗靶点。大黄（Rhei Radix et Rhizoma，RR），一种传统中药，最近显示出抗肿瘤行为。RR的多种活性代谢产物，包括大黄素、大黄酸、大黄酚、芦荟大黄素、没食子酸和白藜芦醇，可成功诱导细胞凋亡并抑制肝癌。然而，由于中药的多靶点和多途径特性，这些代谢产物通过诱导细胞凋亡抑制肝癌发生发展的潜在机制较为复杂。因此，本文综述了细胞凋亡途径、肝癌与细胞凋亡的关系、线粒体内质网途径和死亡受体途径诱导的细胞凋亡在肝癌中的作用和机制，以及六种RR代谢产物通过诱导细胞凋亡抑制肝癌的机制。
