School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Advanced Magnetic Materials Research Center, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Biomed Tech (Berl). 2022 Mar 22;67(2):71-88. doi: 10.1515/bmt-2021-0265. Print 2022 Apr 26.
Due to the presence of electric fields and piezoelectricity in various living tissues, piezoelectric materials have been incorporated into biomedical applications especially for tissue regeneration. The piezoelectric scaffolds can perfectly mimic the environment of natural tissues. The ability of scaffolds which have been made from piezoelectric materials in promoting cell proliferation and regeneration of damaged tissues has encouraged researchers in biomedical areas to work on various piezoelectric materials for fabricating tissue engineering scaffolds. In this review article, the way that cells of different tissues like cardio, bone, cartilage, bladder, nerve, skin, tendon, and ligament respond to electric fields and the mechanism of tissue regeneration with the help of piezoelectric effect will be discussed. Furthermore, all of the piezoelectric materials are not suitable for biomedical applications even if they have high piezoelectricity since other properties such as biocompatibility are vital. Seen in this light, the proper piezoelectric materials which are approved for biomedical applications are mentioned. Totally, the present review introduces the recent materials and technologies that have been used for tissue engineering besides the role of electric fields in living tissues.
由于各种活体组织中存在电场和压电性，压电材料已被纳入生物医学应用，特别是用于组织再生。压电支架可以完美模拟天然组织的环境。由压电材料制成的支架在促进细胞增殖和受损组织再生方面的能力促使生物医学领域的研究人员致力于研究各种用于制造组织工程支架的压电材料。在这篇综述文章中，将讨论不同组织（如心脏、骨骼、软骨、膀胱、神经、皮肤、肌腱和韧带）的细胞对电场的反应方式，以及压电效应在组织再生中的作用机制。此外，即使具有较高的压电性，并非所有的压电材料都适用于生物医学应用，因为生物相容性等其他特性至关重要。从这个角度来看，提到了经过批准可用于生物医学应用的适当压电材料。总的来说，本综述除了介绍电场在活体组织中的作用外，还介绍了用于组织工程的最新材料和技术。
