Zeng Hong, Li Jia, Hou Kai, Wu Yiping, Chen Hongbo, Ning Zeng
Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Front Oncol. 2022 Mar 9;12:858185. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.858185. eCollection 2022.
Melanoma is a malignant tumor arising in melanocytes from the basal layer of the epidermis and is the fifth most commonly diagnosed cancer in the United States. Melanoma is aggressive and easily metastasizes, and the survival rate is low. Nanotechnology-based diagnosis and treatment of melanoma have attracted increasing attention. Importantly, nano drug delivery systems have the advantages of increasing drug solubility, enhancing drug stability, prolonging half-life, optimizing bioavailability, targeting tumors, and minimizing side effects; thus, these systems can facilitate tumor cytotoxicity to achieve effective treatment of melanoma. In this review, we discuss current nanosystems used in the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma, including lipid systems, inorganic nanoparticles, polymeric systems, and natural nanosystems. The excellent characteristics of novel and effective drug delivery systems provide a basis for the broad applications of these systems in the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma, particularly metastatic melanoma.
黑色素瘤是一种起源于表皮基底层黑素细胞的恶性肿瘤，是美国第五大最常被诊断出的癌症。黑色素瘤具有侵袭性且易于转移，生存率较低。基于纳米技术的黑色素瘤诊断和治疗已引起越来越多的关注。重要的是，纳米药物递送系统具有提高药物溶解度、增强药物稳定性、延长半衰期、优化生物利用度、靶向肿瘤以及使副作用最小化等优点；因此，这些系统可促进肿瘤细胞毒性以实现对黑色素瘤的有效治疗。在本综述中，我们讨论了目前用于黑色素瘤诊断和治疗的纳米系统，包括脂质系统、无机纳米颗粒、聚合物系统和天然纳米系统。新型有效药物递送系统的优异特性为这些系统在黑色素瘤尤其是转移性黑色素瘤的诊断和治疗中的广泛应用提供了基础。
