Battaglia Luigi, Scomparin Anna, Dianzani Chiara, Milla Paola, Muntoni Elisabetta, Arpicco Silvia, Cavalli Roberta
. Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, 10125 Turin, Italy.
. Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.
Pharmaceutics. 2021 Oct 4;13(10):1617. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101617.
Cutaneous melanoma is one of the most aggressive solid tumors, with a low survival for the metastatic stage. Currently, clinical melanoma treatments include surgery, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy and radiotherapy. Of note, innovative therapeutic regimens concern the administration of multitarget drugs in tandem, in order to improve therapeutic efficacy. However, also, if this drug combination is clinically relevant, the patient's response is not yet optimal. In this scenario, nanotechnology-based delivery systems can play a crucial role in the clinical treatment of advanced melanoma. In fact, their nano-features enable targeted drug delivery at a cellular level by overcoming biological barriers. Various nanomedicines have been proposed for the treatment of cutaneous melanoma, and a relevant number of them are undergoing clinical trials. In Italy, researchers are focusing on the pharmaceutical development of nanoformulations for malignant melanoma therapy. The present review reports an overview of the main melanoma-addressed nanomedicines currently under study in Italy, alongside the state of the art of melanoma therapy. Moreover, the latest Italian advances concerning the pre-clinical evaluation of nanomedicines for melanoma are described.
皮肤黑色素瘤是最具侵袭性的实体瘤之一，转移期生存率较低。目前，临床黑色素瘤治疗方法包括手术、化疗、靶向治疗、免疫治疗和放疗。值得注意的是，创新治疗方案涉及串联使用多靶点药物，以提高治疗效果。然而，即便这种药物组合具有临床相关性，患者的反应仍未达到最佳。在这种情况下，基于纳米技术的递送系统在晚期黑色素瘤的临床治疗中可发挥关键作用。事实上，其纳米特性能够克服生物屏障，在细胞水平实现靶向药物递送。已经提出了多种纳米药物用于治疗皮肤黑色素瘤，其中相当一部分正在进行临床试验。在意大利，研究人员正专注于用于恶性黑色素瘤治疗的纳米制剂的药物研发。本综述报告了目前在意大利正在研究的主要针对黑色素瘤的纳米药物的概述，以及黑色素瘤治疗的最新进展。此外，还描述了意大利在黑色素瘤纳米药物临床前评估方面的最新进展。
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