Edgcomb Virginia P, Teske Andreas P, Mara Paraskevi
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, United States.
Department of Earth, Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
Front Microbiol. 2022 Mar 9;13:831828. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.831828. eCollection 2022.
Hydrocarbons are degraded by specialized types of bacteria, archaea, and fungi. Their occurrence in marine hydrocarbon seeps and sediments prompted a study of their role and their potential interactions, using the hydrocarbon-rich hydrothermal sediments of Guaymas Basin in the Gulf of California as a model system. This sedimented vent site is characterized by localized hydrothermal circulation that introduces seawater sulfate into methane- and hydrocarbon-rich sediments, and thus selects for diverse hydrocarbon-degrading communities of which methane, alkane- and aromatics-oxidizing sulfate-reducing bacteria and archaea have been especially well-studied. Current molecular and cultivation surveys are detecting diverse fungi in Guaymas Basin hydrothermal sediments, and draw attention to possible fungal-bacterial interactions. In this Hypothesis and Theory article, we report on background, recent results and outcomes, and underlying hypotheses that guide current experiments on this topic in the Edgcomb and Teske labs in 2021, and that we will revisit during our ongoing investigations of bacterial, archaeal, and fungal communities in the deep sedimentary subsurface of Guaymas Basin.
碳氢化合物可被特定类型的细菌、古菌和真菌降解。它们在海洋碳氢化合物渗漏点和沉积物中的存在促使人们开展了一项研究，以探究其作用及潜在的相互作用，该研究以加利福尼亚湾瓜伊马斯盆地富含碳氢化合物的热液沉积物作为模型系统。这个有沉积物的喷口位点的特点是局部热液循环，它将海水中的硫酸盐引入富含甲烷和碳氢化合物的沉积物中，从而筛选出各种降解碳氢化合物群落，其中甲烷、烷烃和芳烃氧化型硫酸盐还原细菌及古菌得到了特别深入的研究。目前的分子和培养调查在瓜伊马斯盆地热液沉积物中检测到了多种真菌，并引发了对可能存在的真菌 - 细菌相互作用的关注。在这篇假说与理论文章中，我们报告了背景、近期结果与成果，以及指导2021年埃奇科姆和特斯克实验室关于该主题当前实验的潜在假说，并且在我们对瓜伊马斯盆地深层沉积地下层的细菌、古菌和真菌群落进行持续调查期间，我们将再次探讨这些内容。
