Food Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Sir Frederick Banting Research Centre, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Driveway, Address Locator: 2203C, Tunney's Pasture, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada.
Health Canada, Health Products Laboratory Program, Health Products Laboratory and Microbiology Laboratory Longueuil, 1001 Saint-Laurent Ouest, Longueuil, QC J4K 1C7, Canada.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Jul 20;831:154888. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154888. Epub 2022 Mar 30.
Perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) were determined in human milk samples (n = 664) from participants in the Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) study. ΣPFAS concentrations (sum of seven PFAS) ranged from 3.1 ng L to 603 ng L, with a median concentration of 106 ng L in the Canadian mothers' milk analyzed. These data comprise the first pan-Canadian dataset of PFAS in human milk. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and linear perfluorooctanesulfonate (L-PFOS) were the dominant contributors to ΣPFAS in human milk samples. An inverse relationship between ΣPFAS concentrations and age was observed (Spearman correlation - 0.184). Primiparous women had elevated PFAS concentrations in milk relative to women who had children previously (p < 0.001). In contrast, the region of maternal birth did not influence ΣPFAS concentrations (p = 0.156). Although China and Norway have observed consistently detectable levels of perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUdA) in human milk, PFAS with long carbon chains (n ≥ 11) were not present above method detection limits in Canadian human milk samples analyzed as part of the MIREC study. In conclusion, despite the presence of low levels of environmental contaminants in human milk, Health Canada supports breastfeeding due to the benefits to both infants and mothers.
全氟烷基物质 (PFAS) 在参加环境化学物质母婴研究 (MIREC) 的参与者的人乳样本 (n = 664) 中进行了测定。ΣPFAS 浓度（七种 PFAS 的总和）范围为 3.1ng/L 至 603ng/L，加拿大母亲乳汁中分析的中位数浓度为 106ng/L。这些数据构成了加拿大首次全氟烷基物质在人乳中的数据集。全氟辛酸 (PFOA) 和线性全氟辛烷磺酸 (L-PFOS) 是人乳样本中 ΣPFAS 的主要贡献者。ΣPFAS 浓度与年龄呈负相关（Spearman 相关系数为 -0.184）。初产妇的乳汁中 PFAS 浓度高于先前有孩子的妇女（p < 0.001）。相比之下，母亲出生地的区域并不影响 ΣPFAS 浓度（p = 0.156）。尽管中国和挪威在人乳中观察到一直存在可检测水平的全氟十一烷酸 (PFUdA)，但在加拿大参加 MIREC 研究的人乳样本中，长链碳 (n ≥ 11) 的 PFAS 并未超过方法检测限。总之，尽管人乳中存在低水平的环境污染物，但加拿大卫生部支持母乳喂养，因为这对婴儿和母亲都有益。
