Gupta Juhi K, Alfirevic Ana
Wolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GL, UK.
Harris-Wellbeing Research Centre, University Department, Liverpool Women's Hospital, Liverpool, L8 7SS, UK.
Expert Rev Mol Med. 2022 Apr 5;24:1-24. doi: 10.1017/erm.2022.13.
Preterm birth (PTB) is one of the leading causes of deaths in infants under the age of five. Known risk factors of PTB include genetic factors, lifestyle choices or infection. Identification of omic biomarkers associated with PTB could aid clinical management of women at high risk of early labour and thereby reduce neonatal morbidity. This systematic literature review aimed to identify and summarise maternal omic and multi-omic (genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolites) biomarker studies of PTB. Original research articles were retrieved from three databases: PubMed, Web of Science and Science Direct, using specified search terms for each omic discipline. PTB studies investigating genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics or metabolomics biomarkers prior to onset of labour were included. Data were collected and reviewed independently. Pathway analyses were completed on the biomarkers from non-targeted omic studies using Reactome pathway analysis tool. A total of 149 omic studies were identified; most of the literature investigated proteomic biomarkers. Pathway analysis identified several cellular processes associated with the omic biomarkers reported in the literature. Study heterogeneity was observed across the research articles, including the use of different gestation cut-offs to define PTB. Infection/inflammatory biomarkers were identified across majority of papers using a range of targeted and non-targeted approaches.
早产是五岁以下婴儿死亡的主要原因之一。已知的早产风险因素包括遗传因素、生活方式选择或感染。识别与早产相关的组学生物标志物有助于对有早产风险的女性进行临床管理，从而降低新生儿发病率。本系统文献综述旨在识别和总结早产的母体组学和多组学（基因组学、转录组学、蛋白质组学和代谢组学）生物标志物研究。使用针对每个组学学科的特定搜索词，从三个数据库（PubMed、科学网和科学Direct）中检索原始研究文章。纳入了在分娩开始前调查基因组学、转录组学、蛋白质组学或代谢组学生物标志物的早产研究。数据被独立收集和审查。使用Reactome通路分析工具对非靶向组学研究中的生物标志物进行通路分析。共识别出149项组学研究；大多数文献研究的是蛋白质组学生物标志物。通路分析确定了文献中报道的与组学生物标志物相关的几个细胞过程。在研究文章中观察到研究异质性，包括使用不同的妊娠截止值来定义早产。使用一系列靶向和非靶向方法，在大多数论文中都识别出了感染/炎症生物标志物。
