Institute of Statistics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
Front Immunol. 2022 Mar 22;13:825103. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.825103. eCollection 2022.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had an enormous impact on the world, affecting people's lifestyle, economy, and livelihood. Recently, with the development of vaccines, the number of infected cases has decreased. Many case reports have revealed that COVID-19 may induce other serious comorbidities such as anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate (anti-NMDA) receptor encephalitis. Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis is an acute autoimmune disease that occurs more commonly in women than in men. To explore the association between COVID-19 and anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis, the microRNA (miRNA) biomarkers of COVID-19, anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis, and other related diseases from the literature are reviewed; then on the basis of these miRNA biomarkers, the relationship between COVID-19 and anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis is discussed. miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that play important roles in cell differentiation, development, cell-cycle regulation, and apoptosis. miRNAs have been used as biological biomarkers for many diseases. The results in this study reveal that the relationship between anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis and COVID-19 infection or COVID-19 vaccination cannot be excluded; however, the risk that COVID-19 triggers the anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis is not high.
新型冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行对世界产生了巨大影响，影响了人们的生活方式、经济和生计。最近，随着疫苗的发展，感染病例的数量有所减少。许多病例报告表明，COVID-19 可能会引发其他严重的合并症，如抗 N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸（NMDA）受体脑炎。抗 NMDA 受体脑炎是一种急性自身免疫性疾病，女性比男性更常见。为了探讨 COVID-19 与抗 NMDA 受体脑炎之间的关系，我们回顾了文献中 COVID-19、抗 NMDA 受体脑炎和其他相关疾病的 microRNA（miRNA）生物标志物；然后基于这些 miRNA 标志物，讨论了 COVID-19 与抗 NMDA 受体脑炎之间的关系。miRNAs 是一类小的非编码 RNA，在细胞分化、发育、细胞周期调控和细胞凋亡中发挥重要作用。miRNAs 已被用作许多疾病的生物标志物。本研究结果表明，不能排除抗 NMDA 受体脑炎与 COVID-19 感染或 COVID-19 疫苗接种之间的关系；然而，COVID-19 引发抗 NMDA 受体脑炎的风险并不高。
