采用氧化石墨烯增强的聚（甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯）-明胶支架的制备及表征。
Fabrication and characterization of PHEMA-gelatin scaffold enriched with graphene oxide for bone tissue engineering.
机构信息
Department of Bio-Computing, Faculty of Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences Division, Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
出版信息
J Orthop Surg Res. 2022 Apr 9;17(1):216. doi: 10.1186/s13018-022-03122-4.
BACKGROUND
Growing investigations demonstrate that graphene oxide (GO) has an undeniable impact on repairing damaged bone tissue. Moreover, it has been stated in the literatures that poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) and gelatin could provide a biocompatible structure.
METHODS
In this research, we fabricated a scaffold using freeze-drying method comprised of PHEMA and gelatin, combined with GO. The validation of the successful fabrication of the scaffolds was performed utilizing Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction assay (XRD). The microstructure of the scaffolds was observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The structural properties of the scaffolds including mechanical strength, hydrophilicity, electrical conductivity, and degradation rate were also evaluated. Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) were used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the prepared scaffolds. The osteogenic potential of the GO-containing scaffolds was studied by measuring the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity after 7, 14, and 21 days cell culturing.
RESULTS
SEM assay showed a porous interconnected scaffold with approximate pore size of 50-300 μm, appropriate for bone regeneration. The increase in GO concentration from 0.25 to 0.75% w/v exhibited a significant improvement in scaffolds compressive modulus from 9.03 ± 0.36 to 42.82 ± 1.63 MPa. Conventional four-probe analysis confirmed the electrical conductivity of the scaffolds in the semiconductor range. The degradation rate of the samples appeared to be in compliance with bone healing process. The scaffolds exhibited no cytotoxicity using MTT assay against hBM-MSCs. ALP analysis indicated that the PHEMA-Gel-GO scaffolds could efficiently cause the differentiation of hBM-MSCs into osteoblasts after 21 days, even without the addition of the osteogenic differentiation medium.
CONCLUSION
Based on the results of this research, it can be stated that the PHEMA-Gel-GO composition is a promising platform for bone tissue engineering.
背景
越来越多的研究表明，氧化石墨烯（GO）对修复受损的骨组织具有不可忽视的影响。此外，文献中已经表明，聚（2-羟乙基甲基丙烯酸酯）（PHEMA）和明胶可以提供一种具有生物相容性的结构。
方法
在这项研究中，我们使用冷冻干燥法制备了一种由 PHEMA 和明胶与 GO 结合而成的支架。使用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和 X 射线衍射分析（XRD）对支架的成功制备进行了验证。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察了支架的微观结构。还评估了支架的结构特性，包括机械强度、亲水性、导电性和降解率。用人骨髓间充质干细胞（hBM-MSCs）评估了制备支架的细胞毒性。通过测量 7、14 和 21 天细胞培养后的碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活性，研究了含 GO 支架的成骨潜力。
结果
SEM 分析显示，具有约 50-300μm 孔径的多孔互连支架，适合骨再生。GO 浓度从 0.25%增加到 0.75%（w/v），支架的压缩模量从 9.03±0.36 增加到 42.82±1.63MPa，有显著提高。传统的四点探针分析证实了支架在半导体范围内的导电性。样品的降解率似乎符合骨愈合过程。MTT 测定表明，支架对 hBM-MSCs 无细胞毒性。ALP 分析表明，PHEMA-Gel-GO 支架即使在没有添加成骨分化培养基的情况下，也能有效地促使 hBM-MSCs 分化为成骨细胞，21 天后效果尤为明显。
结论
根据本研究的结果，可以得出结论，PHEMA-Gel-GO 组成是骨组织工程的一种有前途的平台。
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