Postgraduate student, Department of Periodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.
Professor, Department of Periodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.
Can J Dent Hyg. 2022 Feb 1;56(1):22-30. eCollection 2022 Feb.
This narrative review examines the literature on type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and periodontitis pathogenesis, seeking to determine the effectiveness of periodontal therapy in improving glycemic control in individuals with T1DM.
A detailed search of the literature was conducted in the following electronic databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Cochrane Library. Inclusion criteria were systematic reviews with meta-analyses published between 2015 and 2020, and human peer-reviewed clinical trials addressing the effectiveness of periodontal treatment on glycemic control in individuals with T1DM published between 1995 and 2020.
The search retrieved 3 systematic reviews and 9 original research papers that included 10 clinical studies.
Three systematic reviews on T1DM and periodontal disease suggested that individuals with T1DM have more features of periodontitis than healthy subjects, although long-term data are scarce. Nine of the ten clinical studies showed no impact on glycemic control in individuals with T1DM, while 1 study reported improvement.
The selected literature lacked data on long term assessment and adequate randomization with controls. The data perused did not provide sufficient evidence to determine the effectiveness of periodontal therapy in improving glycemic control in type 1 diabetes or to suggest that T1DM is a risk factor for periodontal disease.
本叙述性综述探讨了 1 型糖尿病（T1DM）和牙周炎发病机制的文献，旨在确定牙周治疗在改善 T1DM 患者血糖控制方面的有效性。
在以下电子数据库中进行了详细的文献搜索：PubMed、Google Scholar、Scopus 和 Cochrane Library。纳入标准为 2015 年至 2020 年期间发表的系统评价和荟萃分析，以及 1995 年至 2020 年期间发表的关于牙周治疗对 T1DM 患者血糖控制有效性的人类同行评议临床试验。
检索到 3 篇系统评价和 9 篇原始研究论文，其中包括 10 项临床研究。
3 篇关于 T1DM 和牙周病的系统评价表明，T1DM 患者比健康受试者具有更多的牙周炎特征，尽管长期数据稀缺。10 项临床研究中有 9 项对 T1DM 患者的血糖控制没有影响，而 1 项研究报告有所改善。
所选文献缺乏长期评估和充分随机对照的数据。阅读的数据没有提供足够的证据来确定牙周治疗在改善 1 型糖尿病患者血糖控制方面的有效性，也不能表明 1 型糖尿病是牙周病的一个危险因素。
