Lin Li-Min, Pan Qi, Sun Yu-Meng, Wang Wen-Tao
MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China.
Blood Sci. 2021 Oct 19;3(4):122-131. doi: 10.1097/BS9.0000000000000091. eCollection 2021 Oct.
Lack of clarity of the mechanisms that underlie leukemogenesis obstructs the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of leukemia. Research has found that small nuclear RNA (snoRNA) plays an essential role in leukemia. These small non-coding RNAs are involved in ribosome biogenesis, including the 2'-O-methylation and pseudouridylation of precursor ribosomal RNA (pre-rRNA), and pre-rRNA splicing. Recently, many snoRNAs were found to be orphans that have no predictable RNA modification targets, but these RNAs have always been found to be located in different subcellular organelles, and they play diverse roles. Using high-throughput technology, snoRNA expression profiles have been revealed in leukemia, and some of the deregulated snoRNAs may regulate the cell cycle, differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis in leukemic cells and confer drug resistance during leukemia treatment. In this review, we discuss the expression profiles and functions of snoRNAs, particularly orphan snoRNAs, in leukemia. It is possible that the dysregulated snoRNAs are promising diagnosis and prognosis markers for leukemia, which may serve as potential therapeutic targets in leukemia treatment.
白血病发生机制的不明确阻碍了白血病的诊断、预后评估及治疗。研究发现小核RNA（snoRNA）在白血病中起着至关重要的作用。这些小的非编码RNA参与核糖体生物合成，包括前体核糖体RNA（pre-rRNA）的2'-O-甲基化和假尿苷化以及pre-rRNA剪接。最近，许多snoRNA被发现是没有可预测RNA修饰靶点的孤儿，但这些RNA总是位于不同的亚细胞器中，并且发挥着多样的作用。利用高通量技术，已揭示了白血病中的snoRNA表达谱，一些失调的snoRNA可能调节白血病细胞的细胞周期、分化、增殖和凋亡，并在白血病治疗期间赋予耐药性。在本综述中，我们讨论了snoRNA，特别是孤儿snoRNA在白血病中的表达谱和功能。失调的snoRNA有可能成为白血病有前景的诊断和预后标志物，这可能作为白血病治疗的潜在靶点。
