Yeganeh Faten Eshrati, Yeganeh Amir Eshrati, Yousefi Mohammad, Farasati Far Bahareh, Akbarzadeh Iman, Bokov Dmitry Olegovich, Raahemifar Kaamran, Soltani Madjid
Department of Chemistry, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1477893855, Iran.
Department of Microbiology, Noor Dahesh Institute of Higher Education, 45789427600 Meymeh, Iran.
Cancers (Basel). 2022 Apr 1;14(7):1797. doi: 10.3390/cancers14071797.
An efficient and selective drug delivery vehicle for cancer cells can remarkably improve therapeutic approaches. In this study, we focused on the synthesis and characterization of magnetic NiCoFeO nanoparticles (NPs) coated with two layers of methionine and polyethylene glycol to increase the loading capacity and lower toxicity to serve as an efficient drug carrier. NiCoFeO@Methionine@PEG NPs were synthesized by a reflux method then characterized by FTIR, XRD, FESEM, TEM, and VSM. Naproxen was used as a model drug and its loading and release in the vehicles were evaluated. The results for loading efficiency showed 1 mg of NiCoFeO@Methionine@PEG NPs could load 0.51 mg of the naproxen. Interestingly, NiCoFeO@Methionine@PEG showed a gradual release of the drug, achieving a time-release up to 5 days, and demonstrated that a pH 5 release of the drug was about 20% higher than NiCoFeO@Methionine NPs, which could enhance the intracellular drug release following endocytosis. At pH 7.4, the release of the drug was slower than NiCoFeO@Methionine NPs; demonstrating the potential to minimize the adverse effects of anticancer drugs on normal tissues. Moreover, naproxen loaded onto the NiCoFeO@Methionine@PEG NPs for breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 showed more significant cell death than the free drug, which was measured by an MTT assay. When comparing both cancer cells, we demonstrated that naproxen loaded onto the NiCoFeO@Methionine@PEG NPs exhibited greater cell death effects on the MCF-7 cells compared with the MDA-MB-231 cells. The results of the hemolysis test also showed good hemocompatibility. The results indicated that the prepared magnetic nanocarrier could be suitable for controlled anticancer drug delivery.
一种高效且具有选择性的癌细胞药物递送载体能够显著改善治疗方法。在本研究中，我们专注于合成和表征包覆有两层蛋氨酸和聚乙二醇的磁性NiCoFeO纳米颗粒（NPs），以提高负载能力并降低毒性，从而用作高效的药物载体。通过回流法合成了NiCoFeO@蛋氨酸@PEG NPs，然后用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、X射线衍射（XRD）、场发射扫描电子显微镜（FESEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）和振动样品磁强计（VSM）对其进行表征。使用萘普生作为模型药物，并评估其在载体中的负载和释放情况。负载效率结果表明，1 mg的NiCoFeO@蛋氨酸@PEG NPs能够负载0.51 mg的萘普生。有趣的是，NiCoFeO@蛋氨酸@PEG显示出药物的逐步释放，实现了长达5天的缓释，并且表明在pH 5时药物释放比NiCoFeO@蛋氨酸NPs高出约20%，这可以增强内吞作用后细胞内的药物释放。在pH 7.4时，药物释放比NiCoFeO@蛋氨酸NPs慢；这表明有潜力将抗癌药物对正常组织的不良影响降至最低。此外，通过MTT法测定，负载在NiCoFeO@蛋氨酸@PEG NPs上的萘普生对乳腺癌细胞系MDA-MB-231和MCF-7显示出比游离药物更显著的细胞死亡。在比较这两种癌细胞时，我们证明负载在NiCoFeO@蛋氨酸@PEG NPs上的萘普生对MCF-7细胞的细胞死亡作用比MDA-MB-231细胞更大。溶血试验结果也显示出良好的血液相容性。结果表明，所制备的磁性纳米载体可能适用于抗癌药物的控释递送。
