Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany.
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany.
Cells. 2022 Apr 9;11(8):1278. doi: 10.3390/cells11081278.
Sarcopenia has recently been studied in both adults and children and was found to be a prognostic marker for adverse outcome in a variety of patient groups. Our research showed that sarcopenia is a relevant marker in predicting outcome in children with solid organ tumors, such as hepatoblastoma and neuroblastoma. This was especially true in very ill, high-risk groups. Children with cancer have a higher likelihood of ongoing loss of skeletal muscle mass due to a mismatch in energy intake and expenditure. Additionally, the effects of cancer therapy, hormonal alterations, chronic inflammation, multi-organ dysfunction, and a hypermetabolic state all contribute to a loss of skeletal muscle mass. Sarcopenia seems to be able to pinpoint this waste to a high degree in a new and objective way, making it an additional tool in predicting and improving outcome in children. This article focuses on the current state of sarcopenia in children with solid organ tumors. It details the pathophysiological mechanisms behind sarcopenia, highlighting the technical features of the available methods for measuring muscle mass, strength, and function, including artificial intelligence (AI)-based techniques. It also reviews the latest research on sarcopenia in children, focusing on children with solid organ tumors.
肌肉减少症最近在成人和儿童中都进行了研究，发现在各种患者群体中，它是预后不良的预测指标。我们的研究表明，肌肉减少症是预测肝母细胞瘤和神经母细胞瘤等实体瘤儿童预后的相关标志物。对于病情非常严重、高危的儿童来说，这一点尤其正确。由于能量摄入和消耗不匹配，癌症儿童更有可能持续失去骨骼肌质量。此外，癌症治疗的影响、激素变化、慢性炎症、多器官功能障碍和高代谢状态都会导致骨骼肌质量的丧失。肌肉减少症似乎能够以新的、客观的方式高度准确地指出这种浪费，因此它是预测和改善儿童预后的另一种工具。本文重点介绍了实体瘤儿童的肌肉减少症现状。它详细介绍了肌肉减少症背后的病理生理机制，强调了用于测量肌肉质量、力量和功能的现有方法的技术特点，包括基于人工智能（AI）的技术。它还回顾了关于儿童肌肉减少症的最新研究，重点关注实体瘤儿童。
