Animal and Fish Production Department, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 420, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia.
Fish and Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria 21531, Egypt.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Apr 12;19(8):4640. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19084640.
Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is one of the widely used organophosphorus pesticides in agriculture activities and its presence in the aquatic environment has been broadly recorded. In the present study, we investigated the effect of CPF exposure on oxidative stress, innate immunity, sexual hormones, and DNA integrity of female African catfish, , in addition to the potential use of dietary supplementation of papaya, (CP), extract against CPF toxicity. Apparent healthy female catfish (300 ± 10 g) were divided into four groups with three replicates each. The first group served as the negative control (fed on a basal diet) and the other groups exposed to CPF (8.75 µg/L) with or without CP extract (250 mg/kg body weight) for six weeks. The results revealed that CPF exposure exhibited marked elevations in stress markers (glucose and cortisol), serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase activities, testosterone, and luteinizing hormone level. Moreover, CPF increased the percentage of hepatic DNA damage. In addition, catfish exposed to CPF experienced significant decline in serum total protein, albumin, follicles stimulating hormone, estradiol hormone levels, AChE, immunoglobulin, and lysozyme activity. CPF induced significantly oxidative stress in hepatic and renal tissues. The dietary supplementation with CP extract at a level of 250 mg/kg body weight succeeded to alleviate the negative effects of CPF on the physiological, immunological, and antioxidant status of female catfish. In addition, CP extract alleviated the endocrine disruption and hepatic DNA damage and counteracted the subchronic CPF toxicity in female African catfish. Finally, the CP extract may be used as a feed additive in the aquatic diet.
毒死蜱（CPF）是农业活动中广泛使用的有机磷农药之一，其在水生环境中的存在已被广泛记录。在本研究中，我们调查了 CPF 暴露对雌性非洲鲶鱼 的氧化应激、先天免疫、性激素和 DNA 完整性的影响，此外还研究了木瓜 （CP）提取物对 CPF 毒性的潜在应用。将明显健康的雌性鲶鱼（300±10g）分为四组，每组三个重复。第一组作为阴性对照（喂食基础饲料），其他组暴露于 CPF（8.75µg/L），同时或不添加 CP 提取物（250mg/kg 体重），持续六周。结果表明，CPF 暴露会导致应激标志物（葡萄糖和皮质醇）、血清天冬氨酸转氨酶、丙氨酸转氨酶活性、睾丸激素和促黄体激素水平显著升高。此外，CPF 增加了肝 DNA 损伤的百分比。此外，暴露于 CPF 的鲶鱼血清总蛋白、白蛋白、促卵泡激素、雌二醇激素水平、乙酰胆碱酯酶、免疫球蛋白和溶菌酶活性显著下降。CPF 在肝和肾组织中引起明显的氧化应激。以 250mg/kg 体重的水平添加 CP 提取物成功缓解了 CPF 对雌性鲶鱼生理、免疫和抗氧化状态的负面影响。此外，CP 提取物缓解了内分泌失调和肝 DNA 损伤，并对抗了雌性非洲鲶鱼的亚慢性 CPF 毒性。最后，CP 提取物可用作水产饲料中的饲料添加剂。
