Baquero F, Culebras E, Patrón C, Pérez-Díaz J C, Medrano J C, Vicente M F
J Antimicrob Chemother. 1986 Dec;18 Suppl E:47-59. doi: 10.1093/jac/18.supplement_e.47.
The bactericidal effect (BE) of an antibiotic reduces the infective population, and its postantibiotic effect (PAE) assures a persistent inhibition of bacterial cells after a short exposure to the antimicrobial agent. Both effects prevent the early regrowth of the infecting organisms when the antibiotic tissue levels decrease to below the MIC value. The BE and the PAE of imipenem, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, piperacillin, gentamicin and ampicillin on Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus faecalis were investigated with viable counts and continuous impedance monitoring of broth cultures. Imipenem and gentamicin gave similar high BE and PAE values at low concentrations and with short drug exposures in most strains tested. PAE is low or non-existent for Gram-negative strains with other beta-lactam antibiotics. These results suggest the possibility of future clinical studies with new experimental dosage schedules for imipenem.
抗生素的杀菌作用（BE）可减少感染菌数量，其后效应（PAE）可确保在短时间接触抗菌剂后对细菌细胞持续抑制。当抗生素组织水平降至最低抑菌浓度（MIC）值以下时，这两种效应均可防止感染菌早期再生长。采用活菌计数法和肉汤培养物连续阻抗监测法，研究了亚胺培南、头孢噻肟、头孢他啶、哌拉西林、庆大霉素和氨苄西林对大肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、阴沟肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、醋酸钙不动杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和粪肠球菌的杀菌作用和后效应。在大多数受试菌株中，亚胺培南和庆大霉素在低浓度和短时间药物暴露时具有相似的高杀菌作用和后效应值。其他β-内酰胺类抗生素对革兰氏阴性菌的后效应较低或不存在。这些结果提示，未来有可能针对亚胺培南采用新的实验性给药方案进行临床研究。
