College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, China.
Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China.
BMC Vet Res. 2022 May 6;18(1):167. doi: 10.1186/s12917-022-03253-0.
Among the world's finest natural fiber composites is derived from the secondary hair follicles (SHFs) of cashmere goats yield one of the world's best natural fibres. Their development and cycling are characterized by photoperiodism with diverse, well-orchestrated stimulatory and inhibitory signals. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNAs) and mRNAs play important roles in hair follicle (HF) development. However, not many studies have explored their specific functions in cashmere development and cycling. This study detected mRNAs and lncRNAs with their candidate genes and related pathways in SHF development and cycling of cashmere goat. We utilized RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) and bioinformatics analysis on lncRNA and mRNA expressions in goat hair follicles to discover candidate genes and metabolic pathways that could affect development and cycling (anagen, catagen, and telogen).
We identified 228 differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs and 256 DE lncRNA. For mRNAs, catagen and anagen had 16 upregulated and 35 downregulated DEGs, catagen and telogen had 18 upregulated and 9 downregulated DEGs and telogen and anagen had 52 upregulated and 98 downregulated DEGs. LncRNA witnessed 22 upregulated and 39 downregulated DEGs for catagen and anagen, 36 upregulated and 29 downregulated DEGs for catagen and telogen as well as 66 upregulated and 97 downregulated DEGs for telogen and anagen. Several key genes, including MSTRG.5451.2, MSTRG.45465.3, MSTRG.11609.2, CHST1, SH3BP4, CDKN1A, GAREM1, GSK-3β, DEFB103A KRTAP9-2, YAP1, S100A7A, FA2H, LOC102190037, LOC102179090, LOC102173866, KRT2, KRT39, FAM167A, FAT4 and EGFL6 were shown to be potentially important in hair follicle development and cycling. They were related to, WNT/β-catenin, mTORC1, ERK/MAPK, Hedgehog, TGFβ, NFkB/p38MAPK, caspase-1, and interleukin (IL)-1a signaling pathways.
This work adds to existing understanding of the regulation of HF development and cycling in cashmere goats via lncRNAs and mRNAs. It also serves as theoretical foundation for future SHF research in cashmere goats.
世界上最好的天然纤维复合材料之一是从羊绒山羊的次级毛囊（SHFs）中提取的，它产生了世界上最好的天然纤维之一。它们的发育和循环受光周期的影响，具有多样化的、协调良好的刺激和抑制信号。长链非编码 RNA（lncRNAs）和 mRNA 在毛囊（HF）发育中发挥重要作用。然而，很少有研究探讨它们在羊绒发育和循环中的具体功能。本研究检测了 SHF 发育和羊绒山羊循环过程中 mRNAs 和 lncRNAs 及其候选基因和相关途径。我们利用 RNA 测序（RNA-Seq）和生物信息学分析，在山羊毛囊中发现了可能影响发育和循环（生长期、退行期和休止期）的候选基因和代谢途径。
我们鉴定了 228 个差异表达（DE）mRNA 和 256 个 DE lncRNA。对于 mRNAs，退行期和生长期有 16 个上调和 35 个下调的 DEGs，退行期和休止期有 18 个上调和 9 个下调的 DEGs，休止期和生长期有 52 个上调和 98 个下调的 DEGs。lncRNA 见证了退行期和生长期的 22 个上调和 39 个下调 DEGs，退行期和休止期的 36 个上调和 29 个下调 DEGs，以及休止期和生长期的 66 个上调和 97 个下调 DEGs。几个关键基因，包括 MSTRG.5451.2、MSTRG.45465.3、MSTRG.11609.2、CHST1、SH3BP4、CDKN1A、GAREM1、GSK-3β、DEFB103A、KRTAP9-2、YAP1、S100A7A、FA2H、LOC102190037、LOC102179090、LOC102173866、KRT2、KRT39、FAM167A、FAT4 和 EGFL6，被证明在毛囊发育和循环中可能很重要。它们与 WNT/β-catenin、mTORC1、ERK/MAPK、Hedgehog、TGFβ、NFkB/p38MAPK、caspase-1 和白细胞介素（IL）-1a 信号通路有关。
本工作通过 lncRNAs 和 mRNAs 增加了对羊绒山羊 HF 发育和循环调控的现有认识，为未来羊绒山羊 SHF 的研究提供了理论基础。
