Department of Evolutionary Biology, School of Sciences, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico.
NTM. 2022 Jun;30(2):245-270. doi: 10.1007/s00048-022-00331-0. Epub 2022 May 10.
After WWII, global concerns about the uses of nuclear energy and radiation sources in agriculture, medicine, and industry brought about calls for radiation protection. At the beginning of the 1960s radiation protection involved the identification and measurement of all sources of radiation to which a population was exposed, and the evaluation and assessment of populations in terms of the biological hazard their exposure posed. Mexico was not an exception to this international trend. This paper goes back to the origins of the first studies on the effects of radiation and on radioprotective compounds in the Genetics and Radiobiology Program of the National Commission of Nuclear Energy founded in 1960, at a time when the effects of radiation on living beings and radiation protection demanded the attention of highly localized groups of scientists and the creation of international as well as national institutions, and its connection to dosimetry and radiation protection until the 1990s. This historical reconstruction examines the circulation of knowledge, scientists, and their material and cognitive resources, to show that radiobiology, with dosimetry and radiation protection as cases in point, not only were carried out with high international standards in parallel with international agencies, but also reflected local material needs, including the standardization of new experimental techniques.
第二次世界大战后，人们对核能源和辐射源在农业、医学和工业中的应用产生了全球关注，这促使人们呼吁进行辐射防护。20 世纪 60 年代初，辐射防护涉及到识别和测量所有辐射源，以及评估和评估人群所暴露的生物危害。墨西哥也不例外。本文追溯了墨西哥国家核能委员会（National Commission of Nuclear Energy）遗传学和放射生物学计划（Genetics and Radiobiology Program）中首次研究辐射效应和放射防护化合物的起源，该计划成立于 1960 年，当时，生物受到辐射的影响以及辐射防护需要引起高度本地化的科学家群体的关注，并需要建立国际和国家机构，以及与剂量学和辐射防护的联系，直到 20 世纪 90 年代。这一历史重建考察了知识、科学家及其物质和认知资源的流动，以表明放射生物学，以剂量学和辐射防护为例，不仅与国际机构并行进行了高标准的国际合作，而且反映了当地的物质需求，包括新实验技术的标准化。
