Di Pietro Marisa, Filardo Simone, Mattioli Roberto, Francioso Antonio, Raponi Giammarco, Mosca Luciana, Sessa Rosa
Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Roma, Italy.
Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Roma, Italy.
Front Pharmacol. 2022 Apr 25;13:885735. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.885735. eCollection 2022.
Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) from L. drupes, a cornerstone in the Mediterranean diet, is well known for its nutritional and health properties, especially for prevention of cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders. Traditionally, beneficial health effects have been largely attributed to the high concentration of monounsaturated fatty acids, and in recent years, these have also been related to other components including oleacein and oleocanthal. Here, we evaluated, for the first time, the antimicrobial activity of different green extra virgin olive oil-based formulations in natural deep eutectic solvents (NaDESs) emerging as powerful and biocompatible solvents. Specifically, the antimicrobial activity of the EVOO extract, as well as purified oleocanthal and oleacein in two NaDESs (choline/glycerol and choline/propylene glycol), against several drug-resistant clinical isolates and standard microbial strains has been evaluated. The main result was the inhibitory activity of the EVOO extract in choline/glycerol as well as oleacein in choline/propylene glycol toward drug-resistant Gram-positive and -negative strains. Specifically, the EVOO extract in choline/glycerol showed the highest antibacterial activity against several clinical strains of , whereas oleacein in choline/propylene glycol was the most effective toward various clinical strains of , , and . In addition, all the formulations tested were effective against spp. In conclusion, our results suggest EVOO-based formulations in NaDESs as an interesting strategy that may help in reducing the risk of development of drug resistance. Under this perspective, the usage of NaDESs for the preparation of new antimicrobial formulations may represent a promising approach.
来自油橄榄果实的特级初榨橄榄油（EVOO）是地中海饮食的基石，因其营养和健康特性而闻名，特别是在预防心血管疾病和代谢紊乱方面。传统上，有益的健康影响主要归因于高浓度的单不饱和脂肪酸，近年来，这些影响也与包括油橄榄苦素和油橄榄叶素在内的其他成分有关。在这里，我们首次评估了不同的基于绿色特级初榨橄榄油的配方在天然深共熔溶剂（NaDESs）中的抗菌活性，NaDESs是一种强大且具有生物相容性的溶剂。具体而言，评估了EVOO提取物以及纯化的油橄榄叶素和油橄榄苦素在两种NaDESs（胆碱/甘油和胆碱/丙二醇）中对几种耐药临床分离株和标准微生物菌株的抗菌活性。主要结果是EVOO提取物在胆碱/甘油中以及油橄榄苦素在胆碱/丙二醇中对耐药革兰氏阳性和阴性菌株具有抑制活性。具体来说，胆碱/甘油中的EVOO提取物对几种临床菌株表现出最高的抗菌活性，而胆碱/丙二醇中的油橄榄苦素对各种临床菌株、和最有效。此外，所有测试的配方对 spp. 均有效。总之，我们的结果表明基于NaDESs的EVOO配方是一种有趣的策略，可能有助于降低耐药性发展的风险。从这个角度来看，使用NaDESs制备新的抗菌配方可能是一种有前途的方法。
