分子流行病学研究表明，坦桑尼亚北部卡劳图地区的啮齿动物、人类、鸡和家庭土壤中分离出的多药耐药菌携带抗生素耐药基因和毒力因子。

Molecular Epidemiology of Antibiotic Resistance Genes and Virulence Factors in Multidrug-Resistant Isolated from Rodents, Humans, Chicken, and Household Soils in Karatu, Northern Tanzania.

机构信息

Department of Wildlife Management, College of Forestry, Wildlife and Tourism, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3073, Morogoro 67125, Tanzania.

Livestock Training Agency (LITA), Buhuri Campus, P.O. Box 1483, Tanga 21206, Tanzania.

出版信息

Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Apr 28;19(9):5388. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19095388.

The interaction of rodents with humans and chicken in the household environment can facilitate transmission of multidrug-resistant (MDR) (), causing infections that are difficult to treat. We investigated the presence of genes encoded for carbapenem, extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL), tetracycline and quinolones resistance, and virulence among 50 MDR isolated from human ( = 14), chicken ( = 12), rodent ( = 10), and soil ( = 14) samples using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Overall, the antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) detected were: 23/50 (46%), 13/50 (26%), 23/50 (46%), 7/50 (14%), 12/50 (24%), 4/50 (8%), 6/50 (12%), and 3/50 (6%), while , , and were not found. The virulence genes (VGs) found were: 36/50 (72%), 13/50 (26%), 9/50 (18%), 5/50 (10%), 1/50 (2%), and 2/50 (4%), while and genes were not detected. Resistance (, , , , , and ) and virulence () genes were found in all sample sources while and were only found in chicken and rodent isolates, respectively. Tetracycline resistance phenotypes correlated with genotypes (r = 0.94), (r = 0.90), (r = 0.90; (r = 0.89), and (r = 0.96). ESBL resistance was correlated with genotypes (r = 0.93), -48 (r = 0.90), and (r = 0.96) resistance. Positive correlations were observed between resistance and virulence genes: and (r = 0.63) also , and (r = 0.51). Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that , , , , , and genes contributed to tetracycline, cefotaxime, and quinolone resistance, respectively. While , , , , and genes contributed to virulence of MDR isolates. The PCA ellipses show that isolates from rodents had more ARGs and virulence genes compared to those isolated from chicken, soil, and humans.

啮齿动物与人类和鸡在家庭环境中的相互作用可以促进多药耐药（MDR）（）的传播，导致难以治疗的感染。我们使用多重聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测了从人类（= 14）、鸡（= 12）、啮齿动物（= 10）和土壤（= 14）样本中分离的 50 株 MDR（）中编码碳青霉烯、扩展谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）、四环素和喹诺酮耐药性以及毒力的基因。总的来说，检测到的抗生素耐药基因（ARGs）为：23/50（46%）、13/50（26%）、23/50（46%）、7/50（14%）、12/50（24%）、4/50（8%）、6/50（12%）和 3/50（6%），而、和未发现。发现的毒力基因（VGs）为：36/50（72%）、13/50（26%）、9/50（18%）、5/50（10%）、1/50（2%）和 2/50（4%），而和基因未检出。所有样本来源均发现耐药（、、、、、和）和毒力（）基因，而和基因仅在鸡和啮齿动物分离株中发现。四环素耐药表型与基因型（r = 0.94）、（r = 0.90）、（r = 0.90；（r = 0.89）和（r = 0.96）相关。ESBL 耐药与基因型（r = 0.93）、-48（r = 0.90）和（r = 0.96）耐药相关。耐药性和毒力基因之间存在正相关：和（r = 0.63）也和（r = 0.51）。主成分分析（PCA）表明，、、、、和基因分别与四环素、头孢噻肟和喹诺酮耐药性相关。而、、、、和基因与 MDR 分离株的毒力有关。PCA 椭圆表示、、、、和基因分别与四环素、头孢噻肟和喹诺酮耐药性有关。而、、、、和基因与 MDR 分离株的毒力有关。PCA 椭圆表示、、、、和基因分别与四环素、头孢噻肟和喹诺酮耐药性有关。而、、、、和基因与 MDR 分离株的毒力有关。PCA 椭圆表示，与鸡、土壤和人类分离株相比，来自啮齿动物的分离株具有更多的 ARGs 和毒力基因。