School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, Australia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 May 4;19(9):5587. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19095587.
Although previous research has noted a range of factors that predict developing Problematic Video Game Use (PVGU) and Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD), few studies have looked at risk and protective factors together, and there is scant empirical evidence examining whether risk for PVGU or IGD increases or decreases as risk or protective factors accumulate in the individual. The aim of the current study was to examine both issues using predictors from three demonstrated PVGU and IGD risk categories: executive dysfunction, unmet needs in everyday life, and unhelpful family environment. In a survey of N = 866 12-17-year-old school students, the risk/protective factors that most strongly predicted severity of IGD symptomology and meeting IGD diagnostic criteria were self-control and social exclusion. Other significant predictors included impulsivity, self-esteem, mastery, control of one's external environment, and better parent-child attachment quality. Trend analyses revealed a linear increase in the risk of PVGU as risk and net-risk factors accumulated, and a decrease as protective and net-protective factors accumulated. Thus, a net accumulation of issues around impulse control and unmet needs in everyday life may predispose adolescents to PVGU or IGD. Results support a 'risk and resilience' approach to adolescent screen-based disorders and suggest potential benefits to a risk factor focus in treatment.
虽然之前的研究已经注意到一系列可以预测发展成问题性电子游戏使用（PVGU）和网络成瘾障碍（IGD）的因素，但很少有研究同时关注风险和保护因素，也几乎没有实证证据表明随着个体中风险或保护因素的积累，PVGU 或 IGD 的风险是否会增加或减少。本研究的目的是使用三个已证明的 PVGU 和 IGD 风险类别（执行功能障碍、日常生活中未满足的需求和无益的家庭环境）中的预测因子来同时研究这两个问题。在对 866 名 12-17 岁的在校学生进行的一项调查中，最强烈预测 IGD 症状严重程度和符合 IGD 诊断标准的风险/保护因素是自我控制和社会排斥。其他重要的预测因素包括冲动性、自尊心、掌握感、对外部环境的控制感以及更好的亲子依恋质量。趋势分析显示，随着风险和净风险因素的积累，PVGU 的风险呈线性增加，而随着保护和净保护因素的积累，PVGU 的风险呈下降趋势。因此，围绕冲动控制和日常生活中未满足的需求的问题的净积累可能使青少年易患 PVGU 或 IGD。研究结果支持针对青少年屏幕相关障碍的“风险和韧性”方法，并表明在治疗中关注风险因素可能会带来潜在的益处。
