College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China.
Molecules. 2022 Apr 20;27(9):2641. doi: 10.3390/molecules27092641.
L. is a therapeutic plant belonging to the family Asteraceae, which has exhibited silymarin, a principal component used to cure various physiochemical disorders. The study appraised the phytochemical analysis, antioxidant activity and chemical analysis of an extract from the seed, stem and leaves. Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis was evaluated by the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent method and aluminum chloride colorimetric method, respectively. While the antioxidant activity was determined by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and acetate buffer in ferric chloride (FRAP) assay, respectively, the chemical profile was evaluated by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) assay. The study outcomes identified that alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids and catcholic tannins were present in seed, stem and leaves extracts except for saponins and Gallic tannins. Whereas, phenols were absent only in seed extract. Quantitative analysis revealed the presence of phenols and flavonoids in appreciable amounts of 21.79 (GAE/g), 129.66 (QE/g) and 17.29 (GAE/g), 114.29 (QE/g) from the leaves and stem extract, respectively. Similarly, all extracts expressed reasonable DPPH inhibition (IC) and FRAP reducing power such as 75.98, 72.39 and 63.21% and 46.60, 51.40 and 41.30 mmol/g from the seeds, stem and leaves extract, respectively. Additionally, chemical analysis revealed the existence of 6, 8 and 9 chemical compounds from the seeds, stem and leaves extract, respectively, corresponding to 99.95, 99.96 and 98.89% of the whole extract. The chemical compound, Dibutyl phthalate was reported from all extracts while, Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester and Silane, (1,1-dimethylethyl), dimethyl (phenylmethoxy) were reported only from the seed and leaves extract. Moreover, Methyl stearate was also a major compound reported from all extracts except for seed extract. It is demonstrable that extracts from different parts of possess significant antioxidant activity, as well as valuable chemical compounds accountable for therapeutic effects that might be incorporated as an alternative to synthetic chemical agents.
L. 是一种属于菊科的治疗植物，其含有水飞蓟素，这是一种用于治疗各种生理化学紊乱的主要成分。本研究评估了种子、茎和叶提取物的植物化学分析、抗氧化活性和化学分析。通过福林-考尔考特试剂法和三氯化铝比色法分别评估了定性和定量的植物化学分析。而抗氧化活性分别通过 1,1-二苯基-2-苦基肼（DPPH）和乙酸盐缓冲铁（FRAP）测定法来测定，化学特征通过气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）测定法来评估。研究结果表明，种子、茎和叶提取物中除了皂角苷和没食子鞣质外，还含有生物碱、糖苷、类黄酮、萜类、甾体和缩合鞣质。而种子提取物中则不含酚类。定量分析显示，叶子和茎提取物中分别含有相当数量的 21.79（GAE/g）、129.66（QE/g）和 17.29（GAE/g）、114.29（QE/g）的酚类和类黄酮。同样，所有提取物均表现出合理的 DPPH 抑制（IC）和 FRAP 还原能力，如种子、茎和叶提取物的 75.98、72.39 和 63.21%和 46.60、51.40 和 41.30mmol/g。此外，化学分析表明，种子、茎和叶提取物中分别存在 6、8 和 9 种化学物质，分别对应于整个提取物的 99.95%、99.96%和 98.89%。所有提取物中均报告了邻苯二甲酸二丁酯的存在，而仅在种子和叶提取物中报告了十六烷酸甲酯和甲基、（1,1-二甲基乙基）、二甲基（苯甲氧基）。此外，硬脂酸甲酯也是除种子提取物外所有提取物中的主要化合物。可以证明，来自不同部位的提取物具有显著的抗氧化活性，以及有价值的化学物质，这些物质可能被用作替代合成化学物质的治疗效果。
