Bao Yinyin
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, Zurich, 8093, Switzerland.
Macromol Rapid Commun. 2022 Jul;43(14):e2200202. doi: 10.1002/marc.202200202. Epub 2022 May 26.
3D printing has revolutionized the way of manufacturing with a huge impact on various fields, in particular biomedicine. Vat photopolymerization-based 3D printing techniques such as stereolithography (SLA) and digital light processing (DLP) attract considerable attention owing to their superior print resolution, relatively high speed, low cost, and flexibility in resin material design. As one key element of the SLA/DLP resin, photoinitiators or photoinitiating systems have experienced significant development in recent years, in parallel with the exploration of 3D printing (macro)monomers. The design of new photoinitiating systems cannot only offer faster 3D printing speed and enable low-energy visible light fabrication, but also can bring new functions to the 3D printed products and even generate new printing methods in combination with advanced optics. This review evaluates recent trends in the development and application of advanced photoinitiators and photoinitiating systems for vat photopolymerization 3D printing, with a wide range of small molecules, polymers, and nanoassemblies involved. Personal perspectives on the current limitations and future directions are eventually provided.
3D打印彻底改变了制造方式，对各个领域产生了巨大影响，尤其是生物医学领域。基于光固化的3D打印技术，如立体光刻（SLA）和数字光处理（DLP），因其卓越的打印分辨率、相对较高的速度、低成本以及在树脂材料设计方面的灵活性而备受关注。作为SLA/DLP树脂的一个关键要素，光引发剂或光引发体系近年来取得了显著进展，这与3D打印（宏观）单体的探索同步进行。新型光引发体系的设计不仅可以提供更快的3D打印速度并实现低能量可见光制造，还能为3D打印产品带来新功能，甚至结合先进光学技术产生新的打印方法。本文综述了用于光固化3D打印的先进光引发剂和光引发体系的发展与应用的最新趋势，涉及多种小分子、聚合物和纳米组装体。最后给出了对当前局限性和未来方向的个人观点。
