Optimization of the Pre-Hospital Rescue System for Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in China.

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) presents a significant public health challenge in China. A sharp contrast in survival rate after OHCA exists between China and more developed countries. Due to the short life-saving time window, emergency medical services (EMS) and bystanders peripheral to EMS are key contributors to survival after OHCA. Here we discuss limitations and challenges for current EMS in rescuing OHCA by reviewing requirements for EMS in China. We call for an updated public health-based pre-hospital rescue system that includes establishing a cardiac arrest registry, promoting a "Three Early's" campaign [early dialing of emergency hotline 120, early cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), and early defibrillation], and operating a mechanism comprised of professional public health institutions (EMS, CDC, specialized disease prevention and control institutions, and health education institutions) as well as many governmental departments, such as healthcare, industry and information technology, and education, and non-governmental organizations, such as the Red Cross Society. Following the optimization of the pre-hospital rescue system and the participation of the whole population in self-rescue and mutual rescue, we believe that a dramatic improvement in OHCA survival will come about in China.