Yamada H, Maiga H, Kraupa C, Mamai W, Bimbilé Somda N S, Abrahim A, Wallner T, Bouyer J
Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria.
Department for Insect Biotechnology, Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, Gießen, Germany.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2022 May 2;10:856780. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.856780. eCollection 2022.
The success of the sterile insect technique (SIT) relies on the achievement of high levels of sterility and mating success of the factory-reared sterile males and thus their biological quality, which can be enhanced by the reduction of stress factors encountered during rearing, handling, and irradiation procedures. The achievement of consistent sterility levels requires reliable and standard irradiation protocols. Additionally, mosquito adults require immobilization prior to, and during irradiation to increase processing efficiency and to avoid physical damage caused by movement in restricted space. Common methods for immobilization include chilling and anesthetics such as nitrogen. Here we assessed the effects of chilling and exposure to nitrogen on the irradiation dose-response of mosquitoes, and their downstream effects on some male quality parameters including longevity and flight ability. We found that chilling does not incur damage in the insects in terms of longevity and flight ability when chilling duration and temperature are carefully controlled, and a recovery phase is provided. Irradiation in nitrogen shows high radioprotective effects during irradiation, resulting in reduced induction of sterility. Overall, longevity of males can be improved by irradiating in anoxia, however the exposure to nitrogen itself comes with negative impacts on flight ability. The results reported here will assist in the standardization and optimization of irradiation protocols for the SIT to control mosquito populations of medical relevance.
昆虫不育技术（SIT）的成功依赖于工厂饲养的不育雄虫实现高水平的不育率和交配成功率，进而依赖于其生物学质量，而饲养、处理和辐照过程中遇到的应激因素的减少可以提高这种生物学质量。要实现一致的不育水平，需要可靠且标准的辐照方案。此外，在辐照前和辐照过程中，需要使蚊虫成虫固定不动，以提高处理效率，并避免在受限空间内移动造成的物理损伤。常用的固定方法包括冷藏和使用氮气等麻醉剂。在此，我们评估了冷藏和接触氮气对蚊虫辐照剂量反应的影响，以及它们对包括寿命和飞行能力在内的一些雄虫质量参数的下游影响。我们发现，当仔细控制冷藏时间和温度并设置恢复阶段时，冷藏对昆虫的寿命和飞行能力不会造成损害。在氮气环境中辐照在辐照期间显示出高度的辐射防护作用，导致不育诱导减少。总体而言，在缺氧条件下辐照可提高雄虫的寿命，然而接触氮气本身对飞行能力有负面影响。本文报道的结果将有助于标准化和优化用于控制具有医学相关性的蚊虫种群的昆虫不育技术的辐照方案。
