Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County.
School of Family Life, Brigham Young University.
Cultur Divers Ethnic Minor Psychol. 2024 Jan;30(1):143-155. doi: 10.1037/cdp0000545. Epub 2022 May 19.
Racial-ethnic minority parents' experiences with racial discrimination may function as a contextual stressor that negatively impacts psychological functioning to shape less effective parenting practices, including the use of more psychological control. Moreover, various factors can enhance or diminish psychological functioning in the face of racial discrimination. Accordingly, we examined the associations between Chinese American mothers' experiences of racial discrimination and three subdimensions of psychologically controlling parenting by considering the mediating roles of negative (depressive symptoms) and positive (psychological well-being) psychological functioning and the moderating role of maternal acculturation toward the mainstream culture (AMC) as a protective factor.
Participants comprised 226 Chinese American mothers of preschoolers ( = 37.65; = 4.39). Two separate moderated-mediation models with depressive symptoms or psychological well-being as mediators were tested using maximum-likelihood estimation.
Findings revealed significant direct positive associations between racial discrimination and all three subdimensions of psychological control (love withdrawal, guilt induction, and shaming practices), as well as indirect associations through depressive symptoms but not psychological well-being. Importantly, the indirect associations were further moderated by maternal AMC.
Results illustrate the importance of incorporating the contextual stressor of perceived racial discrimination in parenting determinant models and examining specific and nuanced processes in understanding the role of psychological adjustment. Support for Chinese American mothers' engagement in and access to various resources in the mainstream cultural context may help alleviate the adverse impact of racial discrimination on mothers' psychological health and ultimately on their negative parenting behaviors. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
少数族裔父母经历种族歧视可能会成为一种情境压力源，对心理功能产生负面影响，从而影响不太有效的育儿实践，包括更多地使用心理控制。此外，面对种族歧视，各种因素可以增强或削弱心理功能。因此，我们考察了美籍华裔母亲经历种族歧视与心理控制育儿三个子维度之间的关系，同时考虑了负性（抑郁症状）和正性（心理幸福感）心理功能的中介作用，以及作为保护因素的母亲主流文化适应（AMC）的调节作用。
参与者包括 226 名学龄前美籍华裔母亲（ = 37.65； = 4.39）。使用最大似然估计检验了两个具有抑郁症状或心理幸福感作为中介的分离的调节中介模型。
研究结果显示，种族歧视与心理控制的所有三个子维度（爱撤回、内疚诱导和羞辱行为）之间存在显著的直接正相关，并且通过抑郁症状而不是心理幸福感存在间接相关。重要的是，这种间接关联进一步受到母亲 AMC 的调节。
结果表明，在育儿决定因素模型中纳入感知种族歧视这一情境压力源，并研究具体和细微的过程以理解心理调整的作用非常重要。支持美籍华裔母亲参与和获得主流文化背景中的各种资源可能有助于减轻种族歧视对母亲心理健康的不利影响，最终减轻其消极的育儿行为。
