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一种用于工程和研究应用的低成本移动实时动态地理定位服务。

A low-cost, mobile real-time kinematic geolocation service for engineering and research applications.

作者信息

Broekman André, Gräbe Petrus Johannes

机构信息

Department of Civil Engineering, Engineering 4.0, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.

出版信息

HardwareX. 2021 May 19;10:e00203. doi: 10.1016/j.ohx.2021.e00203. eCollection 2021 Oct.

DOI:10.1016/j.ohx.2021.e00203
PMID:35607668
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9123378/
Abstract

Centimetre accurate geolocation service is beneficial to a wide range of applications, ranging from sports engineering, civil infrastructure, autonomous vehicles, surveying to digitisation of historically significant structures. Previously, these features were confined to prohibitively expensive commercial hardware, requiring technical knowledge and experience to operate. Continued technological advancements have seen the miniaturisation of electronics and antennas, coupled with an increase in the number and performance of global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) by various nations and organisations, providing global signal coverage. This paper demonstrates a low-cost, mobile, real-time kinematic (RTK) geolocation service for engineering and research applications, fabricated from components readily available from commercial suppliers. This solution, consisting of a mobile RTK base station and RTK rover, provides centimetre-accuracy performance up to a distance of 15 km away from the base station. Correction data is transmitted over the internet using free and open software solutions. The small footprint of both the RTK base station and RTK rover, provides versatile applications even in remote locations. The performance of the geolocation service is validated using field experiments, comparing measurements against state-of-the-art photogrammetry, light detection and ranging (LiDAR) and digital level measurement technologies. The authors encourage the adoption of the RTK geolocation solution based on the calibrated results.

摘要

厘米级精确地理定位服务对广泛的应用有益，范围涵盖体育工程、土木基础设施、自动驾驶车辆、测量以及具有历史意义建筑的数字化等领域。以前，这些功能仅限于极其昂贵的商业硬件，需要专业技术知识和操作经验才能使用。随着技术的不断进步，电子设备和天线实现了小型化，同时各国和各组织的全球导航卫星系统（GNSS）数量增加且性能提升，实现了全球信号覆盖。本文展示了一种用于工程和研究应用的低成本、移动实时动态（RTK）地理定位服务，它由商业供应商 readily available 的组件制成。该解决方案由一个移动 RTK 基站和 RTK 流动站组成，在距离基站 15 公里的范围内可提供厘米级精度的性能。校正数据通过免费的开源软件解决方案在互联网上传输。RTK 基站和 RTK 流动站的小巧外形，即使在偏远地区也能提供多种应用。通过现场实验验证了地理定位服务的性能，将测量结果与最先进的摄影测量、激光雷达和数字水准仪测量技术进行了比较。基于校准结果，作者鼓励采用 RTK 地理定位解决方案。

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