Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100007, China.
Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
J Tradit Chin Med. 2022 Jun;42(3):353-363. doi: 10.19852/j.cnki.jtcm.20220408.002.
To investigate the effect of slow transit constipation (STC) and spleen deficiency on gut microbiota, and the mechanism underlying the action that the positive drug Maren Runchang (MR) alleviates STC.
STC was induced, using the cathartic method of Senna and the hunger-fullness disorder method, in ICR mice; one group of model mice was treated with MR (6.24 g/kg). The changes in the general condition, fecal parameters, D-xylose content in the serum, intestinal propulsion rate, and histopathology of the colon were assessed after STC induction in the control, model, and MR groups. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) was performed from STC mice into pseudo germ-free mice. Changes in the contents of substance P (SP), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and gut microbiota in STC mice and pseudo germ-free mice were assessed after FMT.
Compared with the control group, the model mice showed the following results: the time of the first black stool was significantly longer ( 0.01), the number and weight of black stools were significantly reduced within 6 h ( 0.05), the D-xylose content in the serum was significantly reduced ( < 0.05), the intestinal propulsion rate decreased ( < 0.01), the content of VIP in colon tissue significantly increased ( < 0.05), and SP content in the colon tissue significantly decreased ( < 0.01); moreover, the colon showed significant inflame-mation and injury. Furthermore, the abundance of Firmicutes was increased, the abundance of Bacteroides decreased, and the abundance of decreased, while the abundance of the conditional pathogenic bacteria and Klebsiella increased. However, after treatment with MR, the time of the first black stool decreased (0.01), the number of black stools within 6 h increased, and the intestinal propulsion rate increased ( < 0.05). Moreover, the content of D-xylose in the serum and the content of VIP in colon tissue significantly decreased ( < 0.05), the content of SP in colon tissue significantly increased ( < 0.01), and colon inflammation significantly improved. Additionally, the abundance of Firmicutes decreased, and the abundance of Bacteroides increased. The abundance of increased, and the abundance of decreased. In the model + FMT group, compared with control + FMT group, the content of VIP in colon tissue decreased ( < 0.05), the content of SP in colon tissue significantly increased ( < 0.01), and the abundance of probiotics, such as , decreased. In the MR + FMT group, compared with the model + FMT group, the content of VIP in colon tissue increased, the content of SP in colon tissue significantly decreased ( < 0.01), and the abundance of probiotics increased.
STC mice with spleen deficiency show a decreased abundance of beneficial bacteria, such as , and an increased abundance of the conditional pathogenic bacteria . Furthermore, the mechanism of action of MR in treating STC may involve the regulation of intestinal movement, reduction of intestinal inflammation, elevation of intestinal absorption, and regulation of gut microbiota.
研究慢传输型便秘（STC）和脾虚对肠道微生物群的影响，以及阳性药物麻仁润肠丸（MR）缓解 STC 的作用机制。
采用番泻叶泻下法和饥饱失常法诱导 ICR 小鼠 STC，模型组给予 MR（6.24 g/kg）灌胃。观察各组小鼠一般情况、粪便参数、血清 D-木糖含量、小肠推进率和结肠组织病理学变化。将 STC 小鼠粪便进行粪便微生物移植（FMT）至无菌小鼠。观察 FMT 后 STC 小鼠和无菌小鼠的 P 物质（SP）、血管活性肠肽（VIP）含量和肠道微生物群的变化。
与对照组相比，模型组小鼠首次排黑便时间明显延长（ 0.01），6 h 内黑便数量和重量明显减少（ 0.05），血清 D-木糖含量明显降低（ < 0.05），小肠推进率降低（ < 0.01），结肠组织 VIP 含量明显升高（ < 0.05），结肠组织 SP 含量明显降低（ < 0.01）；此外，结肠组织出现明显的炎症和损伤。而且，厚壁菌门丰度增加，拟杆菌门丰度减少，条件致病菌和克雷伯菌丰度增加。但经 MR 治疗后，首次排黑便时间缩短（0.01），6 h 内黑便数量增加，小肠推进率增加（ < 0.05）。此外，血清 D-木糖含量和结肠组织 VIP 含量明显降低（ < 0.05），结肠组织 SP 含量明显升高（ < 0.01），结肠炎症明显改善。同时，厚壁菌门丰度降低，拟杆菌门丰度增加。条件致病菌丰度降低，益生菌丰度增加。在模型+FMT 组中，与对照组+FMT 组相比，结肠组织 VIP 含量降低（ < 0.05），结肠组织 SP 含量明显升高（ < 0.01），而益生菌如 等丰度降低。在 MR+FMT 组中，与模型+FMT 组相比，结肠组织 VIP 含量增加，结肠组织 SP 含量明显降低（ < 0.01），益生菌丰度增加。
脾虚 STC 模型小鼠有益菌如 等丰度降低，条件致病菌丰度增加。MR 治疗 STC 的作用机制可能涉及调节肠道运动、减轻肠道炎症、提高肠道吸收和调节肠道微生物群。
