Ahmed Mukhtar, Hayat Rifat, Ahmad Munir, Ul-Hassan Mahmood, Kheir Ahmed M S, Ul-Hassan Fayyaz, Ur-Rehman Muhammad Habib, Shaheen Farid Asif, Raza Muhammad Ali, Ahmad Shakeel
Department of Agronomy, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, 46300 Pakistan.
Department of Agricultural Research for Northern Sweden, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183 Umeå, Sweden.
Int J Plant Prod. 2022;16(3):341-363. doi: 10.1007/s42106-022-00197-1. Epub 2022 May 20.
Dryland agricultural system is under threat due to climate extremes and unsustainable management. Understanding of climate change impact is important to design adaptation options for dry land agricultural systems. Thus, the present review was conducted with the objectives to identify gaps and suggest technology-based intervention that can support dry land farming under changing climate. Careful management of the available agricultural resources in the region is a current need, as it will play crucial role in the coming decades to ensure food security, reduce poverty, hunger, and malnutrition. Technology based regional collaborative interventions among Universities, Institutions, Growers, Companies etc. for water conservation, supplemental irrigation, foliar sprays, integrated nutrient management, resilient crops-based cropping systems, artificial intelligence, and precision agriculture (modeling and remote sensing) are needed to support agriculture of the region. Different process-based models have been used in different regions around the world to quantify the impacts of climate change at field, regional, and national scales to design management options for dryland cropping systems. Modeling include water and nutrient management, ideotype designing, modification in tillage practices, application of cover crops, insect, and disease management. However, diversification in the mixed and integrated crop and livestock farming system is needed to have profitable, sustainable business. The main focus in this work is to recommend different agro-adaptation measures to be part of policies for sustainable agricultural production systems in future.
由于极端气候和不可持续的管理，旱地农业系统正受到威胁。了解气候变化的影响对于为旱地农业系统设计适应方案至关重要。因此，开展本次综述的目的是找出差距，并提出基于技术的干预措施，以支持气候变化背景下的旱地农业。当前需要对该地区现有的农业资源进行谨慎管理，因为在未来几十年里，这将在确保粮食安全、减少贫困、饥饿和营养不良方面发挥关键作用。需要大学、机构、种植者、公司等之间基于技术的区域合作干预措施，以进行节水、补充灌溉、叶面喷施、综合养分管理、基于抗逆作物的种植系统、人工智能和精准农业（建模和遥感），从而支持该地区的农业。世界各地不同地区已使用不同的基于过程的模型，来量化气候变化在田间、区域和国家尺度上的影响，以便为旱地种植系统设计管理方案。建模包括水和养分管理、理想型设计、耕作方式的改进、覆盖作物的应用、病虫害管理。然而，需要在混合和综合的作物与畜牧养殖系统中实现多样化，才能实现盈利且可持续的经营。这项工作的主要重点是推荐不同的农业适应措施，使其成为未来可持续农业生产系统政策的一部分。
