Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Exercise and Metabolic Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 May 21;23(10):5765. doi: 10.3390/ijms23105765.
The heart is the core organ of the circulatory system. Through the blood circulation system, it has close contact with all tissues and cells in the body. An exosome is an extracellular vesicle enclosed by a phospholipid bilayer. A variety of heart tissue cells can secrete and release exosomes, which transfer RNAs, lipids, proteins, and other biomolecules to adjacent or remote cells, mediate intercellular communication, and regulate the physiological and pathological activities of target cells. Cardiogenic exosomes play an important role in regulating almost all pathological and physiological processes of the heart. In addition, they can also reach distant tissues and organs through the peripheral circulation, exerting profound influence on their functional status. In this paper, the composition and function of cardiogenic exosomes, the factors affecting cardiogenic exosomes and their roles in cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology are discussed, and the close relationship between cardiovascular system and motor system is innovatively explored from the perspective of exosomes. This study provides a reference for the development and application of exosomes in regenerative medicine and sports health, and also provides a new idea for revealing the close relationship between the heart and other organ systems.
心脏是循环系统的核心器官。通过血液循环系统，它与体内所有组织和细胞密切接触。外泌体是由磷脂双分子层包裹的细胞外囊泡。各种心脏组织细胞可以分泌和释放外泌体，将 RNA、脂质、蛋白质和其他生物分子转移到相邻或远程细胞，介导细胞间通讯，并调节靶细胞的生理和病理活动。心脏来源的外泌体在调节心脏的几乎所有病理和生理过程中发挥着重要作用。此外，它们还可以通过外周循环到达远处的组织和器官，对其功能状态产生深远的影响。本文讨论了心脏来源的外泌体的组成和功能、影响心脏来源的外泌体的因素及其在心血管生理学和病理生理学中的作用，并从外泌体的角度创新性地探讨了心血管系统与运动系统之间的密切关系。本研究为外泌体在再生医学和运动健康中的开发和应用提供了参考，也为揭示心脏与其他器官系统之间的密切关系提供了新的思路。
