Barros Aline, Mascarenhas Paulo, Botelho João, Machado Vanessa, Balixa Gabriela, Bandeira Lopes Luísa
Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Egas Moniz-Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, CRL, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal.
Evidence-Based Hub, Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Egas Moniz-Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, CRL, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal.
J Clin Med. 2022 May 11;11(10):2727. doi: 10.3390/jcm11102727.
Studies heretofore have shown inconsistent results on the link of ASD to malocclusion. Herein, we aimed to compare the prevalence of malocclusion among children and adolescents with ASD compared with non-ASD healthy counterparts through a systematic review. The electronic search focused on five databases, PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, LILACS, and OpenGrey until January 2022, and followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines (PROSPERO No. CRD42022298023). Observational and intervention studies that compared occlusion characteristics of ASD individuals under 18 years old with healthy controls were included. Pairwise random effects meta-analyses of odds ratio (OR) were performed. Methodological quality was assessed by using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for cross-sectional studies. A total of thirteen studies were included for qualitative analysis, and seven for quantitative analysis. The results presented a great heterogeneity and moderate risk of bias; thus, it was not possible to state that there is a risk of malocclusion in individuals with ASD. Future studies should be carried out with strict criteria in the choice of samples, control group, and diagnosis of malocclusion in order to meet the necessary requirements for greater methodological quality.
此前的研究表明，自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）与错牙合畸形之间的联系结果并不一致。在此，我们旨在通过系统评价，比较ASD儿童和青少年与非ASD健康对照者错牙合畸形的患病率。电子检索集中于五个数据库，即PubMed、科学网、EMBASE、拉丁美洲及加勒比地区卫生科学数据库（LILACS）和OpenGrey，检索截至2022年1月，并遵循系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南（国际前瞻性系统评价注册平台编号CRD42022298023）。纳入比较18岁以下ASD个体与健康对照者咬合特征的观察性和干预性研究。进行了比值比（OR）的成对随机效应Meta分析。采用乔安娜·布里格斯研究所横断面研究批判性评价清单评估方法学质量。共纳入13项研究进行定性分析，7项进行定量分析。结果显示出很大的异质性和中度偏倚风险；因此，无法表明ASD个体有错牙合畸形风险。未来的研究应在样本选择、对照组以及错牙合畸形诊断方面采用严格标准，以满足更高方法学质量的必要要求。
