Zhang Yinglei, Zhang Yuepeng, Han Yaqian, Gong Xue
College of Light Industry, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150028, China.
Clinical Medical College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China.
Micromachines (Basel). 2022 Apr 19;13(5):648. doi: 10.3390/mi13050648.
Micro/nanorobots are functional devices in microns, at nanoscale, which enable efficient propulsion through chemical reactions or external physical field, including ultrasonic, optical, magnetic, and other external fields, as well as microorganisms. Compared with traditional robots, micro/nanorobots can perform various tasks on the micro/nanoscale, which has the advantages of high precision, strong flexibility, and wide adaptability. In addition, such robots can also perform tasks in a cluster manner. The design and development of micro/nanorobots and the integration of surface functionalization, remote drive system, and imaging tracking technology will become a key step for their medical applications in organisms. Thus, micro/nanorobots are expected to achieve more efficient and accurate local diagnosis and treatment, and they have broad application prospects in the biomedical field. This paper aims to introduce relevant driving methods of micro/nanorobots preparation in detail, summarizes the progress of research in medical applications, and discusses the challenges it faces in clinical applications and the future direction of development.
微纳机器人是微米级、纳米级的功能装置，能够通过化学反应或外部物理场实现高效推进，这些外部物理场包括超声、光、磁和其他外部场，以及微生物。与传统机器人相比，微纳机器人可以在微纳尺度上执行各种任务，具有高精度、强灵活性和广泛适应性的优点。此外，此类机器人还可以集群方式执行任务。微纳机器人的设计与开发以及表面功能化、远程驱动系统和成像跟踪技术的集成将成为其在生物体内医学应用的关键一步。因此，微纳机器人有望实现更高效、准确的局部诊断和治疗，在生物医学领域具有广阔的应用前景。本文旨在详细介绍微纳机器人制备的相关驱动方法，总结其医学应用的研究进展，并探讨其在临床应用中面临的挑战和未来的发展方向。
