The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China.
Neurosci Bull. 2022 Dec;38(12):1541-1558. doi: 10.1007/s12264-022-00886-x. Epub 2022 May 28.
Nervous systems must not only generate specific adaptive behaviors, such as reproduction, aggression, feeding, and sleep, but also select a single behavior for execution at any given time, depending on both internal states and external environmental conditions. Despite their tremendous biological importance, the neural mechanisms of action selection remain poorly understood. In the past decade, studies in the model animal Drosophila melanogaster have demonstrated valuable neural mechanisms underlying action selection of innate behaviors. In this review, we summarize circuit mechanisms with a particular focus on a small number of sexually dimorphic neurons in controlling action selection among sex, fight, feeding, and sleep behaviors in both sexes of flies. We also discuss potentially conserved circuit configurations and neuromodulation of action selection in both the fly and mouse models, aiming to provide insights into action selection and the sexually dimorphic prioritization of innate behaviors.
神经系统不仅必须产生特定的适应性行为，如繁殖、攻击、进食和睡眠，而且还必须根据内部状态和外部环境条件，在任何给定时间选择执行单一行为。尽管它们具有巨大的生物学重要性，但行为选择的神经机制仍知之甚少。在过去的十年中，模式动物果蝇的研究表明了行为选择的内在行为的神经机制。在这篇综述中，我们总结了与控制雌雄蝇的性、战斗、进食和睡眠行为之间的行为选择有关的特定电路机制，特别关注少数性二态神经元。我们还讨论了在果蝇和小鼠模型中行为选择的潜在保守电路配置和神经调节，旨在为行为选择和内在行为的性二态优先化提供见解。
