一种多成分益智膳食补充剂对年轻健康成年人认知增强的急性效应：一项随机、三盲、安慰剂对照的交叉试验。

Acute Effect of a Dietary Multi-Ingredient Nootropic as a Cognitive Enhancer in Young Healthy Adults: A Randomized, Triple-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Trial.

作者信息

Medrano María, Molina-Hidalgo Cristina, Alcantara Juan M A, Ruiz Jonatan R, Jurado-Fasoli Lucas

机构信息

PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.

Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.

出版信息

Front Nutr. 2022 May 12;9:858910. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.858910. eCollection 2022.

DOI:10.3389/fnut.2022.858910

PMID:35634417

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9133906/

Abstract

AIM

To study the acute effect of a dietary multi-ingredient nootropic on cognitive performance in young healthy adults. We also analyzed the influence of the dietary multi-ingredient nootropic on emotional state, heart rate (HR), and heart rate variability (HRV).

METHODS

This is a randomized, triple-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. In total, 26 young healthy adults (50% women; 24.9 ± 3.3 years old) ingested 10 g of a dietary multi-ingredient nootropic [Evo-Gamers; Harrison Sport Nutrition (HSN), Granada, Spain] or placebo (maltodextrin) in a randomized order (clinicaltrials.gov No. NCT04790188). After 30 min of the ingestion, participants performed a battery of cognitive performance tests to measure the processing speed, inhibitory control, working memory, cognitive flexibility, creativity, and verbal fluency. The emotional status was assessed through questionnaires, and HR and HRV were measured using a heart rate monitor.

RESULTS

In comparison with placebo, the acute ingestion of the nootropic showed a significantly better response time in several cognitive tests (i.e., processing speed, inhibitory control, spatial working memory, and cognitive flexibility, all < 0.05 and effect size range of 0.4-0.6). It also displayed a higher accuracy in the processing speed, the inhibitory control, and cognitive flexibility tests (all < 0.05; effect size ranged from 0.4 to 0.6). Furthermore, the nootropic showed a higher creativity and positive emotions and lower sadness-depression emotions, whereas HR and HRV remained similar between placebo vs. nootropic conditions. However, there were no differences between the nootropic and placebo in verbal fluency, motivation, or anxiety (all > 0.05).

CONCLUSION

An acute ingestion of a dietary multi-ingredient nootropic enhances cognitive performance in comparison with placebo without negatively influencing HR or HRV in young healthy adults.

摘要

目的

研究一种多成分膳食促智药对年轻健康成年人认知表现的急性影响。我们还分析了该多成分膳食促智药对情绪状态、心率（HR）和心率变异性（HRV）的影响。

方法

这是一项随机、三盲、安慰剂对照的交叉试验。共有26名年轻健康成年人（50%为女性；年龄24.9±3.3岁）以随机顺序摄入10克多成分膳食促智药[Evo-Gamers；哈里森运动营养公司（HSN），西班牙格拉纳达]或安慰剂（麦芽糊精）（clinicaltrials.gov编号：NCT04790188）。摄入30分钟后，参与者进行了一系列认知表现测试，以测量处理速度、抑制控制、工作记忆、认知灵活性、创造力和语言流畅性。通过问卷评估情绪状态，并使用心率监测仪测量心率和心率变异性。

结果

与安慰剂相比，急性摄入促智药在多项认知测试中显示出显著更好的反应时间（即处理速度、抑制控制、空间工作记忆和认知灵活性，均P<0.05，效应大小范围为0.4 - 0.6）。在处理速度、抑制控制和认知灵活性测试中也表现出更高的准确性（均P<0.05；效应大小范围为0.4至0.6）。此外，促智药显示出更高的创造力和积极情绪，以及更低的悲伤 - 抑郁情绪，而安慰剂组与促智药组之间的心率和心率变异性保持相似。然而，促智药与安慰剂在语言流畅性、动机或焦虑方面没有差异（均P>0.05）。